> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/es/active-directory/enumeration/ldapsearch.md).

# Búsqueda LDAP

### Probar el acceso anónimo a LDAP

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://172.16.0.100 -b "DC=whoami,DC=local"
```

{% endcode %}

Este comando intenta consultar LDAP sin autenticación.

En muchos entornos modernos, el acceso anónimo está limitado o deshabilitado.

### Conexión LDAP con credenciales

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://172.16.0.100 -D 'WHOAMI\user1' -w 'password' -b "DC=whoami,DC=local"
```

{% endcode %}

Explicación:

| Opción | Rol                                     |
| ------ | --------------------------------------- |
| `-x`   | Autenticación simple                    |
| `-H`   | Dirección del servidor LDAP             |
| `-D`   | Identidad utilizada para iniciar sesión |
| `-w`   | Contraseña                              |
| `-b`   | Buscar en la base de datos DN           |

<figure><img src="/files/1151e139a7b3372c8f99fe8f3a9160e08eb66ff5" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Enumerar usuarios en `CN=Users`

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://172.16.0.100 -D 'WHOAMI\user1' -w 'password' -b "CN=Users,DC=whoami,DC=local"
```

{% endcode %}

Aquí, estamos buscando en el contenedor estándar `Users`.

### Enumerar una OU

Si los usuarios están en una unidad organizativa, usamos `OU` en lugar de `CN`:

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://172.16.0.100 -D 'WHOAMI\user1' -w 'password' -b "OU=Users,DC=whoami,DC=local"
```

{% endcode %}

Diferencia importante:

| Elemento | Significado                                |
| -------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| `CN`     | Nombre común, contenedor u objeto estándar |
| `OU`     | Unidad organizativa                        |
| `DC`     | Componente de dominio                      |

### Buscar un usuario específico

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://172.16.0.100 -D 'WHOAMI\user1' -w 'password' -b "CN=user1,CN=Users,DC=whoami,DC=local"
```

{% endcode %}

Este comando apunta directamente al `user1` objeto.

<figure><img src="/files/af34faae119b3e24d663cc13a6df32a02c1b6d8d" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Enumerar equipos

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://172.16.0.100 -D 'WHOAMI\user1' -w 'password' -b "CN=computers,DC=whoami,DC=local"
```

{% endcode %}

Tenga en cuenta: en Active Directory, el contenedor estándar generalmente se llama `CN=Computers`.

### Enumerar el grupo integrado de Administradores

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://172.16.0.100 -D 'WHOAMI\user1' -w 'password' -b "CN=Administrators,CN=Builtin,DC=whoami,DC=local"
```

{% endcode %}

Este comando apunta al grupo local integrado `Administrators` en el `Builtin` contenedor.

<figure><img src="/files/d67e6d4d4a82f6f7a39920f1bae935bb314928c9" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Encontrar el DN de un usuario

```bash
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://172.16.0.100 -D 'WHOAMI\user1' -w 'password' -b "CN=user1,CN=Users,DC=whoami,DC=local" | grep dn
```

Resultado de ejemplo:

```bash
CN=user1,CN=Users,DC=whoami,DC=local
```

* El **DN**o **Nombre distinguido**, es la ruta LDAP completa del objeto.


---

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