> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/hacking-wifi/wpa-wpa2-psk-network-attacks/reconnaissance-and-capture/wireless-sniffing-techniques.md).
# Wireless Sniffing Techniques
Identify what wireless traffic analysis can reveal and how encryption limits exposure.
Wireless traffic sniffing collects packets for analysis. It helps assess what information a network exposes.
{% hint style="warning" %}
Capture traffic under a documented authorization and scope.
{% endhint %}
### What traffic analysis can reveal
Unencrypted traffic can expose sensitive information. Depending on the protocol, an observer may identify:
* DNS requests and the domains a device resolves.
* Websites or services a user visits.
* Images, files, and other unencrypted content.
* HTTP form submissions and POST request data.
* Device addresses, network names, and connection times.
* Protocols, ports, packet sizes, and communication patterns.
Traffic metadata can still reveal activity patterns. This remains true when the payload is encrypted.
### Encryption limits visibility
HTTPS encrypts page content, credentials, images, and form data in transit. It prevents direct reading of protected request contents.
Encrypted DNS also reduces domain visibility. Examples include DNS over HTTPS and DNS over TLS.
Encryption does not hide every detail. An observer may still see the destination address, connection timing, and traffic volume.
### Defensive checks
Use packet analysis to confirm that sensitive services use encryption.
* Check that web applications redirect HTTP traffic to HTTPS.
* Confirm that login forms never send credentials over HTTP.
* Review DNS settings and encrypted DNS support.
* Identify unexpected cleartext protocols on the network.
Document exposed data, affected devices, and the protocol involved. This makes remediation easier to prioritize.
---
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