> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/ports-and-services/ldap-389-636-3268-3269/ldapsearch-attack.md).

# ldapsearch Enumeration

LDAP enumeration with ldapsearch for naming contexts, domain objects, users, groups, and sensitive attributes.

> The **ldapsearch** tool allows you to query an LDAP server to retrieve information about the domain structure, users, groups, and other objects stored in the directory. It is particularly useful for enumeration in an Active Directory environment.

### **Retrieval of naming contexts**

This command obtains the **naming contexts** (LDAP roots), which are the entry points for exploring the domain structure:

```bash
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://<SERVER_IP> -s base namingcontexts
```

```bash
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://10.10.10.175 -s base namingcontexts
```

* `-x`: Using simple (anonymous) authentication.
* `-H ldap://10.10.10.175`: Specifies the LDAP protocol and IP address of the target server.
* `-s base`: Limits the search to the root of the domain.
* `namingcontexts`: Attribute requested to display the available roots.

<figure><img src="https://131707722-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-7693fc0d7faa3efcfec825d3530ac90ba336e39d%2Fimage%20(1595).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### **Domain structure analysis**

This command explores the LDAP structure to identify users, groups, or other objects:

```bash
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://<SERVER_IP> -b '<BASE_DN>'
```

```bash
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://10.10.10.175 -b 'DC=EGOTISTICAL-BANK,DC=LOCAL
```

* `-b 'DC=EGOTISTICAL-BANK,DC=LOCAL'`: Defines the search base (the LDAP entry point).
* This command returns all information accessible with current rights.

### **Filtering for users**

To extract only domain users, apply additional filtering with `grep` and `sed`:

```bash
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://<SERVER_IP> -b '<BASE_DN>' "(objectClass=user)" | grep "dn: CN=" | sed 's/dn: CN=//;s/,.*//'
```

```bash
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://10.10.10.175 -b 'DC=EGOTISTICAL-BANK,DC=LOCAL' | grep "dn: CN=" | sed 's/dn: CN=//;s/,DC=EGOTISTICAL-BANK,DC=LOCAL//'
```

* `grep "dn: CN="`: Filters lines containing common names (CN) of users.
* `sed`: Cleans up the results to show only user names.

<div data-full-width="true"><figure><img src="https://131707722-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-fc5fbff793904922b072c824e04af25214a0ea04%2Fimage%20(1596).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

### **LDAP search with authentication**

This command uses an account to authenticate and query the LDAP server:

```bash
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://<SERVER_IP> -D '<DOMAIN>/<USER>' -w '<PASSWORD>' -b '<BASE_DN>'
```

```bash
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://10.10.11.174 -D 'support.htb/ldap' -w 'nvEfEK16^1aM4$e7AclUf8x$tRWxPWO1%lmz' -b "DC=<1_SUBDOMAIN>,DC=<TLD>"
```

* `-D 'support.htb/ldap'`: Specifies the user account for authentication.
* `-w 'password'`: Password of the account used.
* This command returns all data accessible with this account.

### **Search for specific information (advanced filtering)**

To search for specific information, such as a password stored in a field, apply an additional filter:

```bash
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://<SERVER_IP> -D '<USER>@<DOMAIN>' -w '<PASSWORD>' -b '<BASE_DN>' | grep -i "<ATTRIBUTE>" -B <LINES_BEFORE>
```

```bash
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://10.10.11.174 -D 'ldap@support.htb' -w 'nvEfEK16^1aM4$e7AclUf8x$tRWxPWO1%lmz' -b "DC=support,DC=htb" | grep -i "info:" -B 20
```

* `grep -i "info:"`: Filters lines containing the `info` attribute, for example a note or a password.
* `-B 20`: Displays 20 lines before each result to contextualize.

<figure><img src="https://131707722-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-66d7b358420350e9c73aef45179ffd790a85cffc%2Fimage%20(1547).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


---

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