> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/zh/hacking-wifi/introduction/prerequisites-before-starting.md).

# 开始前的先决条件

授权 WiFi 安全测试所需的硬件、权限、实验室边界和基础工具。

在继续阅读无线安全笔记之前，请先准备好你的工作环境。兼容的适配器、明确的授权以及定义好的目标列表至关重要。

{% hint style="warning" %}
使用你自己的路由器、测试接入点或其他已明确授权的目标。附近的无线流量可能会受到影响。
{% endhint %}

### 要点

<table data-view="cards" data-full-width="false" data-search="false"><thead><tr><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><h3><i class="fa-wifi" style="color:$primary;">:wifi:</i></h3></td><td><h4>兼容的适配器</h4></td><td>使用 Alfa Network AWUS036ACHM 802.11ac 远距离 WiFi USB 适配器。</td></tr><tr><td><h3><i class="fa-tower-broadcast" style="color:$primary;">:tower-broadcast:</i></h3></td><td><h4>监听模式</h4></td><td>用于捕获和分析原始无线流量是必需的。</td></tr><tr><td><h3><i class="fa-shield-halved" style="color:$primary;">:shield-halved:</i></h3></td><td><h4>批准的范围</h4></td><td>明确目标设备、权限和测试边界。</td></tr></tbody></table>

### 实验室基线

| 要求      | 说明                                                     |
| ------- | ------------------------------------------------------ |
| 数据包注入支持 | 对多种主动无线测试技术很有用。                                        |
| 操作系统    | 这些笔记使用 Parrot OS。                                      |
| 实验室网络   | 尽可能使用专用设备。                                             |
| 词表和工具   | 可根据需要添加 Aircrack-ng、Bettercap、hcxdumptool、John 以及相关工具。 |

### 开始之前

{% stepper %}
{% step %}

#### 确认适配器支持

在配置实验室之前，请先验证是否支持监听模式。
{% endstep %}

{% step %}

#### 设定测试边界

记录已批准的接入点、客户端设备、信道和测试时间窗口。
{% endstep %}

{% step %}

#### 隔离你的环境

避免使用第三方接入点和客户端，即使它们可见。
{% endstep %}
{% endstepper %}


---

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