> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/zh/hacking-wifi/wpa-wpa2-psk-network-attacks/fundamentals/mac-address-spoofing-and-tips.md).
# MAC 地址欺骗与提示
在有范围限制的无线评估中安全检查、更改、验证并恢复适配器的 MAC 地址。
更改适配器的 MAC 地址可用于隐私测试和有限范围的无线评估。请仅在你拥有或已获授权评估的设备上进行测试。
{% hint style="warning" %}
不要使用 MAC 地址冒充其他设备或绕过访问控制。
{% endhint %}
### 开始之前
记录适配器的永久 MAC 地址。稍后恢复正常操作时需要用到它。
替换 `wlan0mon` 在本指南中始终使用你的活动无线接口。
### 1. 检查当前地址
查看当前和永久 MAC 地址：
```bash
macchanger -s wlan0mon
```
永久地址属于适配器硬件。当前地址可以临时更改。
### 2. 更改地址
在更改其 MAC 地址之前，先将接口关闭：
```bash
ip link set dev wlan0mon down
```
分配一个随机 MAC 地址：
```bash
macchanger -r wlan0mon
```
将接口重新启用：
```bash
ip link set dev wlan0mon up
```
### 3. 验证更改
确认新地址：
```bash
macchanger -s wlan0mon
```
### 4. 恢复永久地址
实验结束后恢复硬件 MAC 地址：
```bash
ip link set dev wlan0mon down
macchanger -p wlan0mon
ip link set dev wlan0mon up
```
### 操作说明
* 更改后的地址通常会在重启适配器或系统后重置。
* 更改 MAC 地址可能会中断现有的 Wi‑Fi 或 DHCP 连接。
* 对于有限范围的测试，请使用本地管理或随机生成的地址。
---
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