> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/zh/privesc/capabilities/python-capabilities.md).

# Python 能力

Linux 能力将 root 权限拆分为可分配给二进制文件的细粒度权限。危险的能力例如 `cap_setuid+ep`, `cap_dac_read_search+ep`，或文件写入能力可以绕过普通用户限制。

## 方法

* 枚举文件能力并识别具有危险权限位的二进制文件。
* 检查 GTFOBins 和特定语言的有效载荷，寻找 shell、读取、写入或 setuid 滥用方式。
* 在尝试获取 root shell 之前，优先使用最小化验证命令。

## 快速检查

```bash
getcap -r / 2>/dev/null
```

<table data-view="cards" data-full-width="false" data-search="false"><thead><tr><th></th><th></th><th></th><th data-hidden data-card-target data-type="content-ref"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><h3><i class="fa-user-lock" style="color:$primary;">:user-lock:</i></h3></td><td><h4>Python 3.8 功能</h4></td><td>用于 Linux 权限提升的功能（Python3.8）说明，包含枚举步骤、利用示例和面向报告的验证。</td><td><a href="/pages/243f860e1466d278eb9ba14897b7679a3418aed8">/pages/243f860e1466d278eb9ba14897b7679a3418aed8</a></td></tr><tr><td><h3><i class="fa-user-lock" style="color:$primary;">:user-lock:</i></h3></td><td><h4>Python 3.10 功能</h4></td><td>用于 Linux 权限提升的功能（Python3.10）说明，包含枚举步骤、利用示例和面向报告的验证。</td><td><a href="/pages/57509f33b6a04f90ecffe123b9b715cc1f77b342">/pages/57509f33b6a04f90ecffe123b9b715cc1f77b342</a></td></tr></tbody></table>


---

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