> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/zh/privesc/permissions/etc-passwd-write-abuse-linux-privilege-escalation.md). # /etc/passwd 写入滥用 - Linux 权限提升 ## 这是什么基于权限的提权会滥用可写文件、薄弱的所有权设置、暴露的机密，或本应只由 root 控制的敏感路径。小小的权限错误一旦影响到认证文件或特权执行路径，就可能直接变成 root 访问。此页面具体聚焦于 **权限管理 (/etc/passwd)** 并保持利用流程切合实际：识别条件，安全验证，然后运行证明影响所需的最小载荷。 ## 枚举在运行利用路径之前，先确认本地上下文和具体的错误配置。 ```bash find / -writable 2>/dev/null ls -la /etc/passwd /etc/shadow 2>/dev/null ``` ## 示例如果我们按系统的\*\*可写性\*\*筛选文件，那么 /etc/passwd ```bash find / -writable 2>/dev/null ```

使用 **openssl**，如果我们创建一个密码，它会把它转换为 SSL 格式 ```bash openssl passwd ```

我们把这串字符串粘贴到 root 用户上，系统会先从 /etc/passwd 而不是 /etc/shadow 中读取它：

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